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Overcoming challenges to building green power markets. Climate change is one of the key challenges of the 21st century. Source: “Climate Change: State of Knowledge Report,” Office of Science and Technology Policy, Executive Office of the President, 1997.
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Climate change is one of the key challenges of the 21st century Source: “Climate Change: State of Knowledge Report,” Office of Science and Technology Policy, Executive Office of the President, 1997
Burning fossil fuels is the largest source of US man-made greenhouse gas emissions... US GHG emissions by source (2002) Percent, 100%= 6,934 Tg CO2e* Fuel processing & other Industrial processes & manufacturing 7 4 Agriculture 7 82 Energy generation from fossil fuels * Tg CO2e = Teragrams of carbon dioxide equivalents Source: US EPA, Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2002 (2004), Table ES-3. Does not include sinks.
US commercial sector GHG emissions (2002) Percent, 100%= 970.6 Tg CO2e* On-site energy generation 24 76 Purchased electricity ...and the largest source of corporate GHG emissions in the US US industrial sector GHG emissions (2002) Percent, 100%= 1,987.2 Tg CO2e* Industrial processes & manufacturing 16 On-site energy generation 48 36 Purchased electricity * Tg CO2e = Teragrams of carbon dioxide equivalents Source: US EPA, Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2002 (2004), Table ES-6. Does not include sinks.
Switching to green power is a strategy for reducing corporate GHG emissions Energy efficiency Green power Process improvements Carbon sequestration
In 2000, WRI convened the Green Power Market Development Group Alcoa Inc. Developing corporate markets for 1,000 MW of new, cost-competitive green power by 2010 Cargill Dow LLC Delphi Corporation The Dow Chemical Company DuPont General Motors IBM Interface Johnson & Johnson Kinko’s Pitney Bowes Staples
The Group is pursuing several forms of green power • Wind • Solar • Biomass • Landfill gas • Geothermal • Low-impact hydro • Clean technologies (e.g., fuel cells)
The Group has completed 112 MW of green power projects and purchases Total = 112 megawatts (MW) As of December 2003 Other renewable power Landfill gas 6 16 Renewable energy certificates 36 MW 19 Wind power 35 Hydrogen fuel cells
19% CAGR 16% CAGR US green power markets are growing MW installed capacity Wind Solar Source: U.S. Department of Energy (Wind Energy Program) & AWEA (2004). Available at: www.awea.org/faq/instcap.html; IEA Photovoltaic Power Systems Programme (2003). Available at: http://www.oja-services.nl/iea-pvps/isr/22.htm; Solarbuzz “Annual World Solar Photovoltaic Market 2003 Report” (2004). Available at: http://www.solarbuzz.com/Marketbuzz2004-intro.htm
However, green power markets for corporate energy users face several challenges • Large up-front capital expenditures for on-site systems • High cost per kilowatt-hour • Lack of availability in some regions
Today’s speakers will share new business models & products that address these challenges Claire Broido Vince Van Son Mark Buckley