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Dilution Calculations

Dilution Calculations. e.g.:. A chemist adds water to 120mL of 6.0M NaOH until the total volume is 2.0L. What is the molarity of the diluted NaOH?. moles NaOH:. 6.0 mol. 0.12 L. = 0.72 mol. L. molarity NaOH:. 0.72 mol. = 0.36 M. 2.0 L. Or use the dilution factor method:.

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Dilution Calculations

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  1. Dilution Calculations e.g.: A chemist adds water to 120mL of 6.0M NaOH until the total volume is 2.0L. What is the molarity of the diluted NaOH? moles NaOH: 6.0 mol 0.12 L = 0.72 mol L molarity NaOH: 0.72 mol = 0.36 M 2.0 L Or use the dilution factor method: initial volume 0.12 L 6.0 mol = 0.36 M final volume 2.0 L L initial concentration final concentration

  2. e.g.: What volume of 12.0M HCl is needed to make 5.0L of 0.10M HCl? moles HCl needed in total: 0.10mol 5.0 L = 0.50 mol L volume of 12.0 M HCl containing 0.50 mol: L . 0.50mol = 0.042 L 12.0mol Start with 42mL of 12.0 M HCl, then add water until the total volume is 5.0L.

  3. e.g.: If 750mL of water is added to 150mL of 0.36 M MgSO4, what is the diluted concentration? moles of MgSO4: 0.36mol 0.15 L = 0.054 mol L diluted [MgSO4]: 0.054 mol . = 0.060 M 0.150L + 0.750L Or use the dilution factor method: 0.150L 0.36mol = 0.060 M 0.900L L

  4. Concentration of Ions In water, ionic compounds dissociate into ions. e.g.: NaCl(s) Na+(aq) Cl-(aq) In a 1.0M solution of NaCl, [Na+] = 1.0M and [Cl-] = 1.0M e.g.: Ca(OH)2(s) Ca2+(aq) 2 OH-(aq) In a 1.0M solution of Ca(OH)2, [Ca2+] = 1.0M and [OH-] = 2.0M What are the concentrations of the individual ions in a 0.20M solution of Fe2(SO4)3?

  5. The individual ion concentrations of Fe2(SO4)3 are: Fe2(SO4)3(s) 2 Fe3+(aq) 3 SO42-(aq) [Fe3+] = 2 (0.20M) = 0.40M [SO42-] = 3 (0.20M) = 0.60M

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