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1 M KCl

1 M KCl. 2 M C 6 H 12 O 6. Above is a semi-permeable membrane (that only water can pass). Which way will water move?. Right. Left. No movement. 1 M KCl. 2 M C 6 H 12 O 6. Yea!.

emmanuel-maddox
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1 M KCl

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  1. 1 M KCl 2 M C6H12O6 Above is a semi-permeable membrane (that only water can pass). Which way will water move? Right Left No movement

  2. 1 M KCl 2 M C6H12O6 Yea! Water will not move because the osmolarities of both solutions are the same. The osmolarity of the 1 M KCl is 2 Osmolar. This is because when KCl is in solution, it splits into two particles: K+ and Cl-. When glucose is in solution, it stays as one molecule. So 2 M Glucose is the same as 2 Osmolar Glucose. Next

  3. What type of circulatory system does this organism have? Open Circulatory System Closed Circulatory System

  4. Woot! Woot! – Yes, this is an insect with an open circulatory system. Is this a more efficient delivery system? What type of respiratory system does this grasshopper have? Through gills Through lungs Through the skin surface Through spiracles and trachea

  5. Yeap! Nice job. Insects breathe through a series of tubes through their bodies. Why wouldn’t insects transport oxygen through their circulatory system? Next

  6. Discuss… What are at least four different methods of excretion in animals? Include the method and the animal. Next

  7. Protonephridia - Flatworms Metanephridia - Annelids Nephrons – Aves, Fish, Mammals, Reptiles, Amphibians Malphigian Tubules - Insects Next

  8. The diagram to the right represents the NEPHRON. Click on the structure where substances in the blood are filtered into the nephron.

  9. Nice Job! You have selected BOWMAN’S CAPSULE. Substances filtered into Bowman’s Capsule include: urea, salts, water, and glucose. Click on the structure where ADH receptors are found.

  10. Nice Job! You have selected the COLLECTING DUCT. ADH is released by the posterior pituitary and binds to the collecting duct to cause water to be reabsorbed and back into the blood stream. That means less water leaves the kidney to the urinary bladder. Next

  11. 100 Oxygen Saturation (% Oxygen binding) 75 Suppose the red line is adult hemoglobin at pH 7.6. Click on the line that represents the binding effect if adult hemoglobin is at pH 7.2. 50 25 40 80 120 160 180 200 Partial Pressure of Oxygen (mm Hg)

  12. 100 Nice job! A lower pH or more acidic environment causes hemoglobin to bind to oxygen less – a right shift of the curve. This is also known as the Bohr Effect. Oxygen Saturation (% Oxygen binding) 75 How many oxygens are bound to one hemoglobin molecule at pH 7.6 at a partial pressure of 120 mm Hg? 50 25 0 1 2 3 25 50 40 80 120 160 180 200 Partial Pressure of Oxygen (mm Hg)

  13. 100 YES! 1 oxygen is bound at that partial pressure. Each hemoglobin has a maximum capacity of 4 oxygens. At 25% saturation, that means there is one oxygen bound. Oxygen Saturation (% Oxygen binding) 75 How might llama hemoglobin compare to adult human hemoglobin? How about fetal hemoglobin? 50 25 Next 40 80 120 160 180 200 Partial Pressure of Oxygen (mm Hg)

  14. The effects of temperature and pH can be seen with an interactive graphing program. Go to online graphing program. Next

  15. Discuss… What is the order of blood flow through the adult human heart? (start with the vena cava) Next

  16. 10. To Body 4. Pulmonary Artery 9. Aorta 5. To Lungs 6. Pulmonary Vein 1. Vena Cava 2. Right Atrium 7. Left Atrium 8. Left Ventricle 3. Right Ventricle Next

  17. Countercurrent exchange is an important structural feature in fish gills. Blood flow is opposite of water flow to ensure the highest amount of diffusion of oxygen as possible. A similar concept occurs in many organisms to prevent heat loss. Watch this process of countercurrent heat exchange. Click on “Counter Current Heat Exchange” and then select “Counter Current Heat Exchange” on the 2nd menu as well. Next

  18. Which colored line represents the response of a normal immune system after a second exposure to the same antigen? Amount of Antibodies to Antigen in Blood Time Second Exposure to Antigen First Exposure to Antigen

  19. Yeehaw! A secondary immune response results in a faster and greater production of antibodies. This results in a quick reduction of the antigen. Amount of Antibodies to Antigen in Blood Time Next Second Exposure to Antigen First Exposure to Antigen

  20. Discuss… The following diagram represents an action potential. Where do each of these events occur? • K+ voltage-gated channel opens. • Na+ voltage-gated channel closes • Na+/K+ channel is pumping. • Na+ voltage-gated channel opens. • K+ voltage-gated channel closes. Next

  21. K+ voltage-gated channel opens. Na+ voltage-gated channel closes K+ voltage-gated channel closes. Na+ voltage-gated channel opens. Next Na+/K+ channel is pumping.

  22. After an action potential reaches the end of Neuron #1, it will release neurotransmitters into the synapse to activate Neuron #2. The action potential causes calcium channels to open up. Calcium rushes in and causes exocytosis of neurotransmitter vesicles. Watch this process of exocytosis! Next

  23. Watch this process of neurotransmitter release Next

  24. What stage of development is represented with this diagram? Neurulation Cleavage Organogenesis Blastulation

  25. Blastulation Blastula Blastocoel Excellent! Blastulation is the second stage of development and occurs after cleavage. Following blastulation is gastrulation, neurulation, then organogenesis. A real picture of a blastula is to the right. Next

  26. Click on the organism that has the highest concentration of DDT.

  27. Good job – the organism at the top of the food chain has the highest concentration of DDT. This is an example of bioaccumulation. Toxic substances buildup because they are not easily excreted from an organism. This results in higher and higher concentrations as we move up the food chain. Next

  28. Discuss… • Come up with an adaptation for the digestive systems of a: • carnivore • herbivore • Be sure to describe the structure and how it relates to its function. Next

  29. Carnivores Behavior Teeth Adaptations Gripping Appendages Venom Echolocation Herbivores Long Digestive Tract Mutualism – microorganisms Teeth Adaptations Next

  30. Where are eggs stored in the female reproductive system?

  31. Nice Job! Eggs are stored in the ovaries. During ovulation, a surge in LH causes an egg to be released. Where does a fetus implant into?

  32. Nice Job! A blastula will implant into the lining of the uterus which is called the endometrium. Watch the female reproductive cycle and how the hormones work. Next

  33. Discuss… How does this mammal dive for such long periods of time? Next

  34. Bradycardia – lowering heart rate • Blood Flow – change in blood flow to certain organs • High blood volume • High amount of myoglobin in muscles • High buffering capacity of blood Next

  35. CONGRATS! You are done with this tutorial.

  36. Please Try Again. Go Back

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