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A Critical Period in U. S. History?

A Critical Period in U. S. History?. Benjamin Lincoln, defeated Daniel Shays. Challenges to a New Republic under the Articles of Confederation, 1783-1787. Challenges to Diplomacy. Boundaries: The British refused to abandon forts in Northwest.

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A Critical Period in U. S. History?

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  1. A Critical Period in U. S. History? Benjamin Lincoln, defeated Daniel Shays Challenges to a New Republic under the Articles of Confederation, 1783-1787

  2. Challenges to Diplomacy • Boundaries: The British refused to abandon forts in Northwest. • The Royal Navy remains in American Waters, a threat to American independence of action. • The issue of unpaid debts persisted, though some thought they should be renounced (George Mason: “What were we fighting for?”). • The Port of New Orleans and the Mississippi River were closed to Americans, being territory of Spain restored to her by the Treaties of 1783. (Jay-Gardoqui Treaty defeated). • The Spanish and British were also suspected of riling up the Indians against settlers in the west. • The Confederation Government lacked power and authority and was unable to pass a treaty with Spain over the Florida boundary, etc. • Loss of Great Britain as a trading partner.

  3. Challenges to Domestic Order • Newburgh Conspiracy • "Gentlemen, you will permit me to put on my spectacles, for I have not only grown gray but almost blind in the service of my country." • Robert Morris (1781-1784) Superintendent of Finance • Shays’ Rebellion

  4. Daniel Shays (1747-1825) • Revolutionary war veteran • Held local office in Pelham, Mass., after war. • Led disgruntled “freedom fighters” against private militia in Battle of Springfield, Sept. 26, 1786, but defeated at Petersham on Feb. 2, 1787. • Hoped to keep state supreme court from meeting. • Pardoned for treason in 1788.

  5. Although it looks like a kids drawing, this are the only known likeness of Shays, on left and in separate image right, and his partner Job (sometimes Jacob) Shattucks.

  6. Attempts to Cope • Mt. Vernon Conference (March 1785) • Annapolis Convention (September 11-14, 1781) • Philadelphia Convention (May 25-Sept. 17, 1887)

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