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600 - 1450. What were the major changes/developments from 600 – 1450?. 600 – 1450 Major Developments. Spread of Major Religions Rise of New World Religion - Islam Rise of Dar al-Islam Caliphates (Umayyad, Abbasid, Mamluk ) New and more regular Trade Systems Trans-Saharan Trade
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600 – 1450 Major Developments • Spread of Major Religions • Rise of New World Religion - Islam • Rise of Dar al-Islam • Caliphates (Umayyad, Abbasid, Mamluk) • New and more regular Trade Systems • Trans-Saharan Trade • Indian Ocean Trade (Monsoons) • Silk Roads • Mongol Empire • Viking Explorations , Expansion, and Impact • Pandemics – 14th Century
Continuities 600 - 1450 • Classical cultures were maintained or revived • Slavery continued to be a major part of many social systems and continued to be a major type of labor system • There was no systematic change to social structures and political systems • Ex. Landlords remained dominant in most societies • Peasants continued to make up the bulk of the population
Global Processes 600-1450 • Silk Road • Trans-Saharan Trade Routes • Indian Ocean Trade Routes • Muslim Caliphates • Mongol Empire • Bubonic Plague
Major Civilizations 600 - 1450 • East Asia: Tang, Song, Ming • South Asia: Delhi Sultanate • Southeast Asia: Vietnam • The Americas: Maya, Aztec, Inca • West Africa (Sudan): Ghana, Mali, Songhay • Swahili City-States
632 • Rise of Islam
732 • Battle of Tours (end of Muslim move into France)
1054 • 1st Schism in Christian Church
1066 • Norman conquest of England
1071 • Battle of Manzikert (Seljuk Turks defeat Byzantines)
1095 • 1st Crusade
1258 • Mongols sack Baghdad
1271-1295 • Marco Polo Travels
1324 • Mansa Musa’s pilgrimage
1325 - 1349 • Travels of IbnBattuta
1347 - 1348 • Bubonic plague in Europe
1433 • End of Zheng He’s voyages • Rise of Ottomans
(750 C.E.) The Sunni dynasty that overthrew the Umayyads as caliphs
(632-634 C.E.) The first caliph; one of Muhammad's earliest followers and closest friends
The 4th caliph • the cousin and son-in-law of Muhammad • Caused warfare between the Sunnis and Shi'a for not punishing the murderer of the 3rd caliph, Uthman
Kingdom located in Ethiopian highlands; • defeated the kingdom of Kush around 300 B.C.E. and succeeded by Ethiopia. • Received strong influence from Arabian peninsula • eventually converted to Christianity
(October 25, 732) Charles Martel, the Frankish Leader went against an Islamic army led by Emir AbderRahman; • the Islamic army was defeated • The battle stopped the northward advancement from Spain
Eastern Half of Roman Empire following collapse of western half of old empire • retained Mediterranean culture, particularly Greek • capital at Constantinople