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CHAPTER #16 Sectional Differences SECTION #2 Life in the North

CHAPTER #16 Sectional Differences SECTION #2 Life in the North. CHAPTER #16 Sectional Differences SECTION #2 Life in the North. Working Conditions. -Lower cotton prices drove demand for textiles and thus increased manufacturing -Workers flocked to factory job in the North

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CHAPTER #16 Sectional Differences SECTION #2 Life in the North

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  1. CHAPTER #16 Sectional Differences SECTION #2 Life in the North

  2. CHAPTER #16 Sectional Differences SECTION #2 Life in the North Working Conditions • -Lower cotton prices drove demand for textiles and thus increased manufacturing • -Workers flocked to factory job in the North • -Women worked in greater numbers—they were single and worked for less money • -Workers received $4 to $6 a week • -By the 1830s, 1/3 of the nation’s factory workers were children (even less pay) • -Days were 12-15 hours in length • -Conditions were dangerous: • Poor ventilation • Poor lighting • Exhausting pace • Dangerous machinery Page 1

  3. CHAPTER #16 Sectional Differences SECTION #2 Life in the North Page 2

  4. CHAPTER #16 Sectional Differences SECTION #2 Life in the North Immigrants -U.S. industrial boom led to labor shortages -Employers discovered that immigrants were willing to work long hours for little pay -By 1860, 1 in 8 Americans had been born outside the U.S. (most from Europe) -By 1860, 1.3 Germans immigrated to the U.S., settling in New York & the Midwest -A failed revolution to unify the German states caused persecution of those rebels -By 1860, 1.5 Irish immigrated to New York & Boston, taking any jobs they could get -A decade-long blight destroying potato crops caused famine and sickness, they lived and worked in ghastly conditions Page 3

  5. CHAPTER #16 Sectional Differences SECTION #2 Life in the North Discrimination • -Americans resented immigrants who took jobs and worked for less pay • -Catholics were often distrusted—Germans and Irish immigrants were often Catholic • -Nativist—those not welcoming immigrants —made attempts to keep immigrants from becoming citizens • -Anti-immigration political parties developed • -African Americans in the North also faced discrimination • Could not serve on a jury • Could not work alongside of whites • Could not vote Page 4

  6. CHAPTER #16 Sectional Differences SECTION #2 Life in the North Workers Begin Organizing -The Panic of 1837 caused desperation amongst America’s workers, making it difficult for them to organize -The industrial boom in the North gave clout to workers efforts to organize, workers were in demand in large urban settings -Unskilled factory workers unionized, asking for shorter workdays & higher pay -States began passing laws creating a 10 hour workday, requiring schooling for children and even legalizing strikes -By 1860, in some states, women were even allowed to organize and strike Page 5

  7. CHAPTER #16 Sectional Differences SECTION #2 Life in the North Page 6

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