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When mountains disappear where do they go? …and why it matters to you!

When mountains disappear where do they go? …and why it matters to you!. Present day. 200 million years ago. Goals. Cycles – what your textbook ISN’T telling you Study graphs from scientific article & draw conclusions Give you real data to graph & draw conclusions . biogeochemistry.

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When mountains disappear where do they go? …and why it matters to you!

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  1. When mountains disappear where do they go? …and why it matters to you! Present day 200 million years ago

  2. Goals • Cycles – what your textbook ISN’T telling you • Study graphs from scientific article & draw conclusions • Give you real data to graph & draw conclusions

  3. biogeochemistry

  4. The Water Cycle Image: Campbell, N. and J. Reece. AP Edition Biology. 7th Ed. Pearson Benjamin Cummings.

  5. The Carbon Cycle V Organic Image: Campbell, N. and J. Reece. AP Edition Biology. 7th Ed. Pearson Benjamin Cummings.

  6. Mountain matter movement Present day 200 million years ago Weathering Images: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mount_Everest_as_seen_from_Drukair2_PLW_edit.jpg, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Appalachian_Mountains.jpg, http://www.dec.ny.gov/education/92668.html

  7. Limestone, not your average rock Limestone = calcium carbonate = CaCO3 = Inorganic C What happens to the carbon?! Image: http://www.orionstonewholesale.com/lake-michigan-limestone/, www.tums.com

  8. What does this limestone business have to do with us Michiganders?

  9. Reason #1: The world’s largest limestone quarry Images: Google maps.

  10. Reason #1 (con’t) why is there limestone in Michigan? Limestone = calcium carbonate Nautilus “inorganic” carbon 300 million years ago Coccolithophore – marine phytoplankton Coral reef Mollusc Tube-building marine worm

  11. Reason #2: Row crop agriculture Lime buffers soil pH “Lime” = crushed limestone (CaCO3) AKA calcite or crushed dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2) Images: KBS LTER/Julie Doll & http://nolandfarms.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/Lime-pile-@-Duanes.jpg .

  12. Lime weathering buffers (tummy &) soil pH N fertilizer Lime CO2 source CO2 Respiration by roots & microbes HNO3 CaCO3 H2CO3 CO2 + NO3- + Ca2+ Ca2+ + 2HCO3- Export to streams Ca2+, NO3- Export to streams Ca2+, HCO3- CO2 sink Image: Bonnie McGill, tums.com

  13. Mississippi River Basin (watershed) Dr. Peter Raymond Image: http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/fs-076-02/

  14. A B C Total mass of HCO3- exported (103 g/yr) HCO3- concentration (mg C/L)

  15. More rainfall & tile drains 1953 Rainfall 2003 Mississippi River Mississippi River Mississippi River Ohio River Ohio River Ohio River

  16. ? More rainfall 1.0 L - 0.5 L - 1 mL = 10 mg C / L 1 mL = 20 mg C / L 1 mL = 20 mg C / L EXPORT: 20 mg/L * 0.5 L = 10 mg ? 10 mg/L * 1 L = 10 mg 20 mg/L * 1 L = 20 mg

  17. A B C Total mass of HCO3- exported (103 g/yr) HCO3- concentration (mg C/L)

  18. Why is the alkalinity not being diluted by the increased water? What else has changed in the Mississippi watershed since 1953?

  19. Graphing steps Plot points. Use ruler to draw trend line. Give your graph a title. What conclusions can you draw from the graph?

  20. Conclusions • Whether weathering mountains, liming ag soils or eating TUMS: C is neither created nor destroyed, it enters a different phase—dissolved HCO3- or CO2gas—of the C cycle. • Ecosystem ecology is the study of natural processes (such as weathering) and cycles (such as C cycle) at large scales (such as the Mississippi River Basin). Agricultural lime is both a source of CO2 to the atmosphere and a sink for C (as HCO3- or alkalinity in water).

  21. This lesson was brought to you by the KBS GK-12 Partnership. For more information go to: http://kbsgk12project.kbs.msu.edu/lessons/

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