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Moving Target Defense in Cyber Security

Moving Target Defense in Cyber Security. Jianjun “Jeffrey” Zheng July 2014. Moving Target Defense in Cyber Security. Introduction Problems in Current Cyber Security Defense Paradigm Moving Target Defense Concept Current Research on MDT Future Work. Introduction.

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Moving Target Defense in Cyber Security

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  1. Moving Target Defense in Cyber Security Jianjun “Jeffrey” Zheng July 2014

  2. Moving Target Defense in Cyber Security • Introduction • Problems in Current Cyber Security Defense Paradigm • Moving Target Defense Concept • Current Research on MDT • Future Work

  3. Introduction • Cyber Security Defense Illustration

  4. Current Security Defense • Problems in Current Security Defense Paradigm • Passive • Reactive • Asymmetric in resources and cost • Attackers have advantage

  5. Moving Target Defense Approach • Moving Target Defense Approach

  6. Moving Target Defense Approach • Moving Target Defense Approach • Based on system diversity • From stand-alone software to network system • Dynamically change software or system configuration to add uncertainty, unpredictability, and diversity • Cause system’s attack surface to change continuously • Increase the cost for attackers • As a result, the system is unpredictable to attackers, hard to be exploited, and is more resilient to attacks

  7. Moving Target Defense Approach • Moving Target Defense Research • System Level • Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) • Proposed and implemented by Linux PaX project in 2001 • Implemented in major OS systems, partially and completely • Can prevent code injection attack • Might be broken by entropy attack

  8. Moving Target Defense Approach • Moving Target Defense Research • System Level • Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR)

  9. Moving Target Defense Approach • Moving Target Defense Research • System Level • Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR)

  10. Moving Target Defense Approach • Moving Target Defense Research • System Level • Instruction Set Randomization (ISR) • An execution environment to prevent code injection • Reversible transformation between the processor and main memory

  11. Moving Target Defense Approach • Moving Target Defense Research • System Level • Data Randomization • Randomize pointers (XOR pointer with random key) • Randomize memory data (XOR data with random masks)

  12. Moving Target Defense Approach • Moving Target Defense Research • System Level • Compiler-based Randomization • Use compiler to generate multiple functionally equivalent, but internally different variants of a program

  13. Moving Target Defense Approach • Moving Target Defense Research • Application Level • Diversify and randomize software using installer • Software installed through the special installer will be tagged with a random key • An execution environment will check and verify the random key • If the key is valid, the software is authorized to execute. Otherwise, software will not run

  14. Moving Target Defense Approach • Moving Target Defense Research • Application Level • Diversify commands to prevent SQL injection attack, command injection attack, and cross-site scripting • SELECT id, name, description FROM products WHERE productid=$value • 99999 OR 1=1 • SELECT id, name, description FROM products WHERE productid=99999 OR 1=1

  15. Moving Target Defense Approach • Moving Target Defense Research • Application Level • Diversify commands to prevent SQL injection attack, command injection attack, and cross-site scripting • Rewrites all keywords with a random key appended • After taking user input, removes the random key by using regular expression check • If the check fails, the query will not be forwarded to database for execution

  16. Moving Target Defense Approach • Moving Target Defense Research • Application Level • Diversify commands to prevent SQL injection attack, command injection attack, and cross-site scripting • SELECT123 id, name, description FROM123 products WHERE123 productid=$value • 99999 OR 1=1 • SELECT123 id, name, description FROM123 products WHERE123 productid=99999 OR 1=1

  17. Moving Target Defense Approach • Moving Target Defense Research • Network Level • Dynamic Resource Mapping System • Randomly change the location of the system where important resources are stored • A mapping system keeps track of the new locations

  18. Moving Target Defense Approach • Moving Target Defense Research • Network Level • Random Host Mutation • Randomly change host IP address

  19. Moving Target Defense Approach • Moving Target Defense Research • Network Level • Mutable Network (MUTE) • Random address hopping • Random finger printing

  20. Moving Target Defense Approach • Challenges • Deployable • Minimum impact on mission critical system • Scalable

  21. Questions?

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