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Regulatory Treatment of Compost Facilities that Compost Source Separated Organic Materials

Regulatory Treatment of Compost Facilities that Compost Source Separated Organic Materials. Ginny Black Minnesota Pollution Control Agency US Composting Council Annual Conference January 2007. Barriers to Composting Source Separate Organic Materials (SSOM). Collection costs Processing costs

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Regulatory Treatment of Compost Facilities that Compost Source Separated Organic Materials

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  1. Regulatory Treatment of Compost Facilities that Compost Source Separated Organic Materials Ginny Black Minnesota Pollution Control Agency US Composting Council Annual Conference January 2007

  2. Barriers to Composting Source Separate Organic Materials (SSOM) • Collection costs • Processing costs • Finished compost quality

  3. Why are compost regulations a barrier? Compost facility regulations viewed by MN Composters to be a cost barrier; specifically: • 1 x 10-7 impermeable standard for the compost pad • Storm water pond requirement

  4. How do other states regulate compost facilities accepting SSOM?

  5. States Included in this Presentation • Minnesota (MN) • Wisconsin (WI) • Iowa (IA) • Kansas (KS) • Illinois (IL) • Louisiana (LA) • New York (NY)

  6. Common Permit Categories • Exemptions • Sitting Criteria • Facility Plans and Specifications • Performance Standards • Operational Criteria • Finish Compost Health & Safety Standards (not market standards)

  7. Exemptions • Household backyard composting • On-Site Agriculture: crop residue, animal mortalities • Wood waste (sometimes) Note: Compost created from these processes had to be used on-site.

  8. Common Sitting Criteria • Buffer Distances from: • wetlands, lakes, streams, rivers • Neighbors (houses & businesses) • Wells • Road right of ways • Airports

  9. Facility Plans and Specifications • Location on map • Signage • Material flow within the facility (receiving, processing, composting, curing, screening…) • Design calculations based on amt of materials to be processed • Equipment specifications • Storm water management plan • Leachate management plan • Fire plan • Secure Access

  10. Performance Standards • Method of composting • Not detrimental to surface water or ground water • No significant adverse impact on wetlands • No impact on endangered/threatened species • No hazardous air emissions

  11. Operational Criteria • Specific operational times for processing materials received (storage prior to processing, most common) • Compost process: PFRP, pile temperature, moisture levels • Prevent leachate, prevent leachate from leaving the site • Prevent water run-on to facility • Minimize water ponding • Proper storage and disposal of non-compostable materials (recyclables/MSW) • Manage materials in accordance with best management practices to minimize odor, dust, noise, litter and vectors • Annual reporting

  12. Finished Compost Geared toward environmental protection, not specific market specifications: • Metals • Pathogens • Maturity • Agronomic (pH, N, P, K, soluble salts) • Inerts

  13. Sporadic Requirements • Closure Plans • Operator/staff Training • Yard waste compost regulations • Most had something in rule, but details varied

  14. MN SSOM Regulations

  15. MN Compost Facilities • Yard waste Only • Solid Waste (SSOM & MSW) • Silent on Manure (not on farm operations) & Biosolids

  16. MN SW Compost Facility • Solid Waste Permit • SSOM or MMSW • Liner, permeability ≤ 1 x 10-7 • Ponding (storm water-Leachate storage/treatment)

  17. WI SSOM Regulations

  18. WI Compost SSOM Facility Regulations • Yard & Vegetable food waste w capacity of ≤ 50 yds3 • Yard Waste w capacity of ≤ 20,000 yds3 Vegetable Food Composting of ≤ 500 yds3 Note: Vegetable food does not include meat.

  19. Yard and Vegetable Food Waste Compost Facility < 50 yd3 • Exempt from: (2) Initial Site Inspections, (3) Closure, (4) Environmental Review, (5) Environmental Monitoring, (6) Financial Responsibility, as well as, location criteria, plan of operation submittal, licensing and all other requirement of this chapter • A Low or impermeable pad is not required • No specific storm water or leachate management is required.

  20. Yard Waste ≤ 20,000 yds3 & Vegetable Food ≤ 500 yds3 Compost Facility • Initial Site Inspections • No low or impermeable pad is required for this type for facility. • Exempt from: (4) Environmental Review, (5) Environmental Monitoring, (6) Financial Responsibility, as well as, location criteria, plan of operation submittal, licensing and all other requirement of this chapter

  21. IA SSOM Regulations

  22. IA SSOM Regulations Three Types of Facilities • Permit by Rule (yard waste only) • Small Compost Facilities • Solid Waste Composting

  23. Small Compost Facilities • Food waste: key to this regulatory category • Yard and ag wastes also accepted • ≤ 2 tons/week (excluding bulking agent) • All Weather Pad (compacted soil, compacted granular aggregates, asphalt, concrete or similar impermeable material) • Access during inclement weather • Prevent surface/ground water contamination

  24. IA Solid Waste Compost Facility • MSW and SSOM > 2 tons/week • Impermeable pad: 1 x 10-7 • Storage area all weather surface

  25. KS SSOM Regulations

  26. KS SSOM Regulations • Surface of composting area shall be capable of supporting equipment used • Composting area shall be graded to prevent ponding of liquids

  27. IL SSOM Regulations

  28. IL SSOM Regulations • Only Landscape regulations • Could not find any other compost regulations governing other types of organic materials

  29. LA SSOM Regulations

  30. LA SSOM Regulations • Type III Facility: accepts YW, wood waste, MSW, manures, sewage sludges/septage • Receiving, mixing, curing, storage, drying and screening, and truck washing areas must be located on surfaces capable of preventing groundwater contamination. • Could not find any mention of storm water treatment

  31. NY SSOM Regulations

  32. NY SSOM Regulations Focused on external issues: • Listed education materials • Quality of SSOM being delivered • Limitations on accepting SSOM materials from certain generator only

  33. NY SSOM Regulations Facility Characteristics of interest: • Low permeability pad – soil base • 5 wet tons/day – asphalt or concrete surface (waste storage, processing, leachate, products storage areas) • Geomembranes could also be used • Leachate storage must be completely empted, cleaned & inspected every 12 months

  34. Minnesota Projects

  35. Minnesota Projects Two Projects: • Carver County • Co-Collecting Yard Waste and SSOM • Resource Recycling Technologies & City of Burnsville • Co collecting SSOM and MSW • Delivering to YW Composting Facility • No pad requirements

  36. Thank You For Your Attention Ginny Black Ginny.black@state.mn.us

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