The Age of Imperialism

1. The Age of Imperialism The Victory of the West

2. Colonialism vs. Imperialism • Colonialism is the acquisition of territory for the purposes of settlement or financial gain • Imperialism has the same definition with some additions • Imperialism is centrally controlled by the state • Ii is designed to enhance the prestige and power of the state • It is based in ideology (i.e. it is rationalized)

3. Colonialism • Colonialism has been around since the Renaissance • Europeans have set up colonies in the New World (North and South America and the Caribbean) • Europeans have also used their influence to gain political and economic influence (India) • However, many people around the world were politically and militarily organized and were little effected by the Europeans (China, the Middle East and parts of Africa)

4. The Age of Imperialism • Begins around 1870 • Ends with the start of WWI • All of Africa (except Ethiopia) and the Middle East fell to different European countries • China was controlled by the British • The British tightened their control in India by brutally putting down revolutions • Russia expanded east and conquered land from Germany all the way to the Pacific ocean • Even the United states expanded; The US invaded islands in the pacific ocean and used their army to kill off thousands of Natives and control all of the country. • Also, the USA took land from Mexico. • Basically, the whole world was conquered by Europeans.

5. Why? “It is desirable that the earth should be peopled, governed, and developed, as far as possible, by the races which can do this work best, i.e. by the races of highest 'social efficiency'.”[ • It Says . . . I say . . . And so . . .

6. Philosophy • Social Darwinist ideas were popular in Europe. Europeans believed that they were the strongest, the most fit to survive. • Therefore, Europeans should multiply and spread while the weaker cultures should die off.

7. New Technology • Europe was the first to reach the Industrial Age. • This meant that Europe was know developing railways, trains, cannons, guns, steam powered ships, telegraph. • Europeans were the first to develop the field of chemistry. By the 1870’s, the Europeans were using high explosives like nitroglycerin and TNT • By 1870, we see the first repeating firearms in mass production (Colt Pistol’s, Winchester Rifles, Gatling Guns and eventually Maxim Guns) • Conversely, the rest of the world were using bladed weapons to defend themselves and travelling by horse or sail • Never before had there been such an advantage of one group over another

9. Economics • The Industrial age added even more money to Europe as they sold their products all over the world. • This money allowed them to expand their empires. • Furthermore, Industrialization caused Europe to require more and more raw materials (wood, oil, iron, rubber etc.) • Many of these materials were scarce or non-existent in Europe

10. Militarism • Since the Formation of Germany, European countries realized how military power could transfer into political power. • Therefore, Europeans increased the size of their military forces and were eager to use them in war. Bismarck: The Original Techno-Viking

11. Nationalism • Europe was full of Nationalist feelings. • Each European power was trying to become richer and stronger than the other powers. • The people of Europe were also caught up in NationalismFor example, the people of Germany demanded that Bismarck seek colonies – it was a matter of prestige and national honour • Nationalism added fuel to the fire and made Imperialism even uglier

12. The Justification

13. White Man`s Burden Take up the White Man's burden--Send forth the best ye breed--Go bind your sons to exileTo serve your captives' need;To wait in heavy harness,On fluttered folk and wild--Your new-caught, sullen peoples,Half-devil and half-child.Take up the White Man's burden--In patience to abide,To veil the threat of terrorAnd check the show of pride;By open speech and simple,An hundred times made plainTo seek another's profit,And work another's gain.

14. Take up the White Man's burden--Ye dare not stoop to less--Nor call too loud on FreedomTo cloke your weariness;By all ye cry or whisper,By all ye leave or do,The silent, sullen peoplesShall weigh your gods and you.Take up the White Man's burden--Have done with childish days--The lightly proferred laurel,The easy, ungrudged praise.Comes now, to search your manhoodThrough all the thankless yearsCold, edged with dear-bought wisdom,The judgment of your peers! Take up the White Man's burden--The savage wars of peace--Fill full the mouth of FamineAnd bid the sickness cease;And when your goal is nearestThe end for others sought,Watch sloth and heathen FollyBring all your hopes to nought.Take up the White Man's burden--No tawdry rule of kings,But toil of serf and sweeper--The tale of common things.The ports ye shall not enter,The roads ye shall not tread,Go mark them with your living,And mark them with your dead.Take up the White Man's burden--And reap his old reward:The blame of those ye better,The hate of those ye guard--The cry of hosts ye humour(Ah, slowly!) toward the light:--"Why brought he us from bondage,Our loved Egyptian night?"

15. The Brown Man`s Burden • Pile on the brown man's burden,compel him to be free;Let all your manifestoesReek with philanthropy.And if with heathen follyHe dares your will dispute,Then, in the name of freedom,Don't hesitate to shoot.Pile on the brown man's burden,And if his cry be sore,That surely need not irk you--Ye've driven slaves before.Seize on his ports and pastures,The fields his people tread;Go make from them your living,And mark them with his dead. • Pile on the brown man's burden,And through the world proclaimThat ye are Freedom's agent--There's no more paying game!And, should your own past historyStraight in your teeth be thrown,Retort that independenceIs good for whites alone. Pile on the brown man's burdenTo gratify your greed;Go, clear away the "niggers"Who progress would impede;Be very stern, for truly'Tis useless to be mildWith new-caught, sullen peoples,Half devil and half child.Pile on the brown man's burden;And, if ye rouse his hate,Meet his old-fashioned reasonsWith Maxims up to date.With shells and dumdum bulletsA hundred times made plainThe brown man's loss must everImply the white man's gain