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College and University Fire Prevention

College and University Fire Prevention. Oklahoma State Fire Marshal’s Office. State Adopted Codes. 1999 BOCA Building Code 1999 BOCA Fire Prevention Code 1997 NFPA 101 Life Safety Code. Occupancy Classification. The use group is determined by the subject being taught

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College and University Fire Prevention

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  1. College and UniversityFire Prevention Oklahoma State Fire Marshal’s Office

  2. State Adopted Codes • 1999 BOCA Building Code • 1999 BOCA Fire Prevention Code • 1997 NFPA 101 Life Safety Code

  3. Occupancy Classification • The use group is determined by the subject being taught • Most instructional areas are Business Use Group • Areas with more than 50 occupants are Assembly • Laboratories with chemicals have special requirements • Dormitories are R-2 Residential Use Group

  4. Business Use Occupancies • Means of Egress Components • Doors NFPA 101 5-2.1 • Delayed egress to comply with NFPA 101 5-2.1.6.1 • Access-controlled egress to comply with NFPA 101 5-2.1.6.2

  5. Business Use Occupancies • Stairs comply with NFPA 5-2.2 • Number of EXITS • Two separate exits • Provided on every story • Accessible from every part of every story and mezzanine • With exceptions #1 through #4 permitted • NFPA 101: 27-2.4.1

  6. Business Use Occupancies • No dead-end corridor may exceed 50 feet • NFPA 101: 27-2.5.2

  7. Business Use Occupancies • Arrangement of means of egress • No common path of travel may exceed 75 feet • NFPA 101: 27-2.5.3 • Travel distance to Exit may not exceed 200 feet • NFPA 101: 27-2.6

  8. Business Use Occupancies • Emergency Lighting is required when: • The building is two or more stories in height • The occupancy is subject to 100 or more occupants above or below the level of discharge • The occupancy is subject to 1,000+ occupants • Windowless or underground

  9. Business Use Occupancies • Means of egress are required to have signs • NFPA 101: 27-2.10 • Vertical Openings • Every stairway, elevator shaft, escalator opening, and other vertical opening shall b e enclosed or protected in accordance with 6-2.4.5 with exceptions 1 through 5 • NFPA 101:27-3.1

  10. Business Use Occupancies • Interior wall and ceiling finish is required to be Class A or Class B in exits and enclosed corridors • Interior wall and ceiling finish is required to be Class A, Class B, or Class C in other areas • NFPA 101:27-3.4

  11. Business Use Occupancies • Fire Alarm systems are required when: • The building is two or more stories in height above the level of exit discharge • The occupancy is subject to 100 or more occupants above or below the level of discharge • The occupancy is subject to 1,000 or more total occupants • NFPA 101: 27-3.4.1

  12. Residential Occupancies - Dormitories • Definition – Dormitories • Buildings or spaces in buildings where group sleeping accommodations are provided for more than 16 persons who are not members of the same family in one room or a series of closely associated rooms under joint occupancy and single management, with or without meals, but without individual cooking facilities

  13. Dormitories • Doors • No door in any means of egress shall be locked against egress when the building is occupied with exception of delayed egress locks complying with NFPA 101: 5-2.1.6.1 and access-controlled egress doors complying with NFPA 101: 5-2-1.6.2 • NFPA 101: 17-2.2.2

  14. Delayed Egress Doors • Approved, listed, delayed egress locks are permitted in buildings protected throughout by an approved, supervised automatic fire detection system, or an approved, supervised automatic fire sprinkler system provide that:

  15. Delayed Egress Doors • The doors unlock upon actuation of an approved, supervised automatic sprinkler system or upon actuation of any heat detector or not more than two smoke detectors of an approved, supervised automatic fire detection system

  16. Delayed Egress Doors • The doors unlock upon loss of power controlling the lock or locking mechanism

  17. Delayed Egress Doors • The doors unlock upon disablement of the automatic fire detection system, sprinkler system, or the means of sprinkler system supervision

  18. Delayed Egress Doors • An irreversible process releases the lock within 15 seconds upon application to the release device required for not more than 3 seconds • The initiation shall activate a signal near the door

  19. Delayed Egress Doors • On the door adjacent to the release device, there is a readily visible, durable sign in letters at least 1 inch height and at least 1/8 inch stroke that reads: PUSH DOOR UNTIL ALARM SOUNDS DOOR CAN BE OPENED IN 15 SECONDS

  20. Access Controlled Doors • Access-controlled egress doors are permitted to be equipped with an approved entrance and egress system provide that: • A sensor is provided on the egress side arranged to detect an occupant approaching the doors and the doors are arranged to unlock upon detection of approaching occupant or loss of power

  21. Access Controlled Doors • Loss of power to that part of the access control system that locks the doors automatically unlocks the doors • The doors are arranged to unlock from a manual release device located 40 inches to 48 inches vertically above the floor within 5 feet of the secured doors. The manual release device shall be readily accessible and read: PUSH TO EXIT

  22. Doors Access Controlled Doors • When operated, the manual release device shall result in direct interruption of power to the lock -- independent of the access control system electronics -- and the doors shall remain unlocked for at least 30 seconds

  23. Access Controlled Doors • Activation of the building automatic sprinkler or fire detection system automatically unlocks the doors • The doors remain unlocked until the fire-protective signaling system has been manually reset

  24. Dormitory Egress • Not less than two exits shall be accessible from every floor, including floors below the level of exit discharge and occupied for public purposes • NFPA 101: 17-2.3.1

  25. Dormitory Egress • No common path of travel shall exceed 35 feet • NFPA 101: 17-2.5.2 • No dead-end corridor shall exceed 50 feet • NFPA 101: 17-2.5.3

  26. Dormitory Egress • Means of egress shall be illuminated • NFPA 101: 17-2.8 • Emergency lighting is required in all buildings with more than 25 rooms • NFPA 101: 17-2.9 • Means of egress is required to have signs • NFPA 101: 17-2.10

  27. Dormitories - Protection of Vertical Openings • Every stairway, elevator shaft, and other vertical opening shall be enclosed or protected • Exceptions 1 through 5

  28. Get Out and Stay Alive • United States Fire Administration 16825 South Seton Avenue Emmitsburg, MD 21727 (301) 447-1189 Internet: htt://www.usfa.fema.gov

  29. Dormitory - Protection from Hazards • The following areas are deemed hazardous and require 1-hour separation or sprinklers • Boiler and fuel-fired heater rooms serving more than a single guest room • Employee locker rooms, gift or retail shops • Bulk laundries, guest laundries over 100 sq ft • Maintenance shops, trash rooms, storage rooms • NFPA 101: 17-3.2.2

  30. Dormitory - Interior Finish • Interior wall and ceiling finish material are required to comply with 6-5.5 • Exit enclosures – Class A or Class B • Other spaces – Class A, Class B, or Class C • NFPA 101: 17-3.3.3

  31. Dormitory - Interior Finish • Curtains, draperies, and other similar loosely hanging furnishings and decorations are required to be flame resistant • NFPA 101: 17-3-3.4

  32. Dormitory Detection & Alarm • A fire alarm system is required in all dormitory buildings, except where each room has an exterior exit door • NFPA 101: 17-3.4.1

  33. Dormitory Detection & Alarm • Initiation • Manual means • At any control station or desk • By the sprinkler system or fire detection system • NFPA 101: 17-3.4.2 • Sleeping room smoke detectors are not required to initiate the building fire alarm system

  34. Dormitory Detection & Alarm • Occupant notification shall be provided automatically • NFPA 101: 17-3.4.3.1 • Immediate notification of the public fire department by telephone or other means • NFPA 17-4.3.2

  35. Dormitory Detection & Alarm • An approved, single-station smoke alarm is required to be installed in every guest room and every living area and sleeping room within a guest suite • The alarms are not required to be interconnected • Single-station smoke alarms without secondary power source are permitted • NFPA 101:17-3.4.4.2

  36. Dormitory – Extinguishing Requirements • In buildings up to and including 4 stories NFPA 13R sprinkler systems are permitted • NFPA 101: 17-3.5.1 • All high-rise (more than75 ft in height) buildings shall be protected throughout by an approved, supervised automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with NFPA 13 • NFPA 101: 17-3.5.2

  37. Dormitory – Extinguishing Requirements • Portable fire extinguishers shall be provided in hazardous areas and throughout the building to NFPA 10 • NFPA 101: 17-3.5.3

  38. Dormitory Corridors • Exit access corridor walls shall consist of fire barriers having a minimum of ½-hour fire resistance rating • NFPA 101: 17-3.6.1

  39. Dormitory Corridor Doors • Doors that open onto exit access corridors shall have a minimum 20-min fire protection rating in accordance with 6-2.3 • NFPA 101: 17-3.6.2 • Doors that open onto exit access corridors shall be self-closing and self-latching • NFPA 101: 17-3.6.3

  40. Dormitory Corridor Doors • Unprotected openings shall be prohibited in exit access corridor walls and doors • NFPA 101: 17-3.6.4

  41. Dormitory Corridor Doors • Transoms, louvers, or transfer grilles shall be prohibited in walls or doors of exit access corridors (see exceptions in code) • NFPA 101: 17-3.6.5

  42. Precautions Against Fire • Required fire doors and smoke barrier doors shall be maintained in good working order, including the hardware necessary for the proper operation thereof • Fire door assemblies shall not be modified • BOCA Fire Prevention Code - 303.4

  43. Precautions Against Fire • Door stops, wedges and other unapproved hold-open devices are prohibited on fire doors • BOCA F-303.4.1 • Swinging fire doors shall close from the full-open position and shall latch automatically • BOCA F-303.4.2

  44. Precautions Against Fire • Horizontal or vertical sliding and rolling fire doors shall be inspected and tested at least annually by the owner or legal building representative

  45. Precautions Against Fire • Swinging fire doors shall have a maximum undercut of ¾ inch • BOCA F-303.4.4 • Glazing installed in fire doors is required to comply with the building code • BOCA F-303.4.5

  46. Precautions Against Fire • All identified electrical hazards are required to be abated • BOCA F-310.1 • Illumination is required for all service equipment areas, motor control centers and electrical panel boards • BOCA F-310.2

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