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Educational Profiling

Educational Profiling. Why are API students having difficulties in their clinical years of medical school?. The Disparity. API students do fine as premeds and in their first two years of med school. But they have difficulties during their clinical years (Xu et al. Acad Med 1994; 68:82).

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Educational Profiling

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  1. Educational Profiling Why are API students having difficulties in their clinical years of medical school?

  2. The Disparity • API students do fine as premeds and in their first two years of med school. • But they have difficulties during their clinical years (Xu et al. Acad Med 1994; 68:82).

  3. A study of OSU students showed that API students • Had fewer AOA (honor society) selections than would be expected statistically. • Had a lower mean GPA than Caucasian students. • Made up 44% of students failing pediatrics (7 of 16), which was 3 times higher than expected statistically.

  4. What’s going on? • Part of it could be cultural- API students are brought up to behave in a certain manner, but (non Asian) attendings perceive those actions differently.

  5. Asians Group-oriented Considerate of others Modest Hierarchical Formal Caucasians Individualistic Assertive Self-confident Egalitarian Informal Jane Lin-Fu (AAPIJH 2:295, 1994) studied differences in core values between Asians and Caucasians

  6. Asians are taught to: Be active listeners Develop consensus Not show off Not embarrass yourself Have substance over style (courtesy B. Li) Caucasians are taught to: Be outspoken Take charge Stand out Learn by making mistakes Have style over substance (“no guts, no glory”)

  7. Asian Behavior Quiet Modest Formal Asks few questions Respects the professor Anglo Perception Not assertive Doesn’t stand out Ill at ease Not inquisitive Not independent-thinking How might these differences be perceived? (courtesy B. Li)

  8. Another hypothesis: • API students could be lacking skills necessary in their clinical years: • Time management • Multitasking • Communication skills • Teamwork • Leadership • Applied knowledge • Practical life skills (courtesy B. Li)

  9. This deficit could be due to less time spent by Asian American students in • Extracurricular activities • Jobs • Team sports • Household Chores • Volunteering (courtesy B. Li)

  10. An OSU study showed that Asian American students spent significantly less time in extracurricular activities and jobs in high school and college than their white counterparts.

  11. The study also showed that Asian parents gave significantly less advice to: • participate in extracurriculars • have part time/summer jobs • do household chores

  12. Summary • API students have less of the skills necessary during the clinical years due to less time spent in extracurriculars. • They are often perceived as being quiet and unassertive.

  13. This might lead to educational profiling of APIs as a whole. • API students may be lumped together as “passive,” which mistranslates to being disinterested and lacking knowledge and competence.

  14. How do we effect change? • Attendings must be made aware of cultural influences and nuances. • However, that will take a great deal of time and effort. • Until then, Asian American students have to play the clinical “game.”

  15. The clinical “game” (courtesy B. Li) • Be assertive, interactive, social, informal, and communicative. • Don’t be afraid of making mistakes, asking for feedback, or asking about unwritten rules. • Develop organized work habits and learn to multitask. • Use life experience to relate to patients. • Style over substance (in certain cases).

  16. What you can do prior to your clinical years: • Seek activities outside of the classroom. Pursue other passions- they’ll help you develop broader skills. • Practice your verbal skills- don’t be afraid to speak up in class!

  17. On the wards: • Find out about unwritten rules, and ask for feedback. • Speak- don’t just read from your notes. • Practice your oral presentations. • Prepare questions. • Organize, prioritize, and juggle tasks. (courtesy B. Li)

  18. Keep in mind… • Because you’re playing the clinical game doesn’t mean you’re changing your “Asian-ness.” • What you do in class and on the wards doesn’t change your core values.

  19. Controversies • You might be wondering: • Is there really this huge difference between Asians and Caucasians? • What about the differences between Asian subgroups? • Are these ideas just reinforcing stereotypes about Asians? • More research definitely needs to be done in this area, but hopefully this has provoked questions in your mind.

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