The Federalist Era - Washington Administration and Hamilton's Financial Plan

1. The Federalists Era The Washington Administration Stated Washington’s precedent of having the U.S. try to stay out of alliances with foreign powers… ___________________________________________. Hamilton Financial Plan • ________________________:the central bank of USA • Its creation was an example of “implied powers” (Elastic Clause). • ______________________: a tax on certain (non-essential) products • Hamilton wanted a tax on Whiskey. • ____________________________ PA; farmers rebel against tax; Washington sends troops • Showed Federal govt. could pass laws that state citizens had to follow!!!

2. The Federalists Era The Adams Administration (1797-1801). • _________________ • laws were passed making it harder for foreigners to become Americans (14 year residency) • also made it against the law to print anything against the U.S. government • ___________________________________ • reaction against the Alien and Sedition Acts • states could declare federal laws invalid if they were unconstitutional

3. Democratic-Republicans Era • Believed in _____________________ of Constitution… • Believed in ______________ rights The Jefferson Administration • ________________________: $15 million • ______________________sent to explore Results: • the size of the U.S. doubled • Encourages the theory of______________________ _______________ – the idea that the United States should expand from coast to coast.

4. Democratic-Republicans Era The Madison Administration War of 1812 • ___________________ the capture of US citizens and forcing them to serve in the British military • __________________ encouraged war to allow for expansion westward • concerns over __________________ activities on the western borders • Burning of _______________________________ • ___________________________: written during the attacks on Baltimore by Francis Scott Key • Battle of New Orleans: ________________________ defeated larger British Army, became a national hero • caused an increase in U.S. national pride and patriotic feelings _________________________________.

5. Democratic-Republicans Era The Monroe Administration Era of ________________:name given to the time after the War of 1812 when there were few political conflicts and the new nation had much support The __________ System:Henry Clay’s plan to strengthen America: • creation of the Second Bank of the United States • passage of tariffs to protect U.S. industry and businesses • transportation routes to connect the nation together better (________ Canal1825, National Road, Railroads) • _____________________declared that the Western Hemisphere was off-limits to European powers.

6. The Jackson Era Jacksonian Democracy: Increasing _________________in our gov’t. -National conventions held -Secret ballot -No property requirement to ________: • _______ system: - Jackson supported the idea of appointing loyal party supporters to office • “____________ cabinet” – Jackson’s “advisors” Jackson was against: • Second ___________of the US • Liked ____________banks instead • “Tariff of _______________” • Led to the ______________________Crisis • Supreme Court’s Decision: Wocester vs. Georgia • Led to the ___________________of Tears fo the Cherokee

7. Social/Economic Issuesof ANTE-_______________ ERA Pre (Civil) War • Women’s Rights – Seneca Falls, NY(1848)- Elizabeth Cady ____________ • Public Schools = Better citizen – Horace _____________________ • Mentally Ill - Need Hospitals not prison – Dorothea _______ • Abolition – Underground Railroad – Harriet _______________________ • Abolition – The North Star – Frederick ___________________________ • Abolition – The Liberator – William Lloyd ________________________ • 2nd Great Awakening – Religious Revival – Charles ____________________ • Transcendentalism – Civil Disobedience – Henry David __________________ • Women’s Rts. – “Ain’t I a Women”? – Sojourner _______________________

8. M____________ A____________ REVOLUTION K____________ E____________ T____________ The pursuit of profit and the accumulation of goods, was the driving force behind innovation and growth. Henry Clay’s plan to promote Nationalism by supporting internal improvements (canals, RR, etc.) While the Northern Region was industrializing, the South’s economy was based on slave labor due to their cash crop. Someone willing to take “risks” to start and develop an business. Revolution that made movement of people and goods possible and encouraged national markets to develop. By the mid-1800’s people bought and sold goods rather than making them for their own use. The MARKET REVOLUTION created a major change in the US economy and the daily llives of Americans. Goods and services multiplied…the national economy grew more in the 1840’s than it had in the previous 40 years together!?!

9. The “Forty-Niners” were interested in reaching California to do this and get GOLD! M_________ A_________ N_________ I__________ F_________ E S_________ T_________ When Texas asked the US to do this(1845), the MEXICAN-AMERICAN WAR BEGAN…ending in the Mexican Cession(1848) This was replaced by SECTIONALISM, as both Northerners and Southerners began to argue over the expansion of slavery into the newly acquired territories of the USA. “I” remember1835 when Santa Anna’s forces killed all rebels at an old Spanish mission during the TEXAS REVOLUTION! 1844 President Polk’s campaign slogan that stated where he wanted the northern border of the Oregon /Canadian border to be! D STINY Thousands of settlers made journey westward along trails like the one that connected Independence, Missouri to New Mexico. (1851)Wyoming…US Gov’t would respect Native Americans land boundaries. Native Americans agree to stop attacks. ..US later breaks treaty ;moves Indians .