Research and Research Indicators

1. Research and Research Indicators Sources, Definitions and Empirical Comparisons

2. Key (Data) Sources on Research • OECD, SourceOECD Science and Technology Database, “Research and Development Statistics” & “Main Science and Technology Indicators”: http://puck.sourceoecd.org/vl=8531211/cl=27/nw=1/rpsv/statistic/s20_about.htm?jnlissn=16081242 • EUROSTAT, Structural Indicatorshttp://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu

3. Key (Data) Sources on Research (cont.) • Science and Engineering Indicators 2008http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/seind08 • Statistik Austria, Forschung (F&E), Innovationhttp://www.statistik.at/web_de/statistiken/forschung_und_innovation/index.html

4. Conceptual Key Definitions of Research • OECD, Frascati Manual (e.g., 2002):http://europa.eu.int/estatref/info/sdds/en/rd/rd_frascati_manual_2002.pdf

5. Conceptual Key Definitions of Research (cont.) • What is research?

6. Conceptual Key Definitions of Research (cont.) • Research (R&D) is (“Frascati Manual” 2002, p. 30):

7. Conceptual Key Definitions of Research (cont.) • Three “activities” (“three types of R&D”) of R&D:Basic research [R];Applied research [R];Experimental development [D].

8. Conceptual Key Definitions of Research (cont.) • OECD definition of R&D activities is (“Frascati Manual” 2002, p. 30):

9. Conceptual Key Definitions of Research (cont.) • “Sectors” of the OECD (“Frascati Manual” 2002, p. 54):

10. Conceptual Key Definitions of Research (cont.) • Sectors: “performance” and “source of funds”.

11. Conceptual Key Definitions of Research (cont.) • What are disciplines (academic disciplines) of “fields of science and technology” • OECD definition according to the “Frascati Manual” 1993, p. 60 – see next slide!

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13. National R&D Indicators for the U.S. • National R&D performance; • National R&D financing; • R&D expenditure by funding sector.

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20. Comparative R&D Indicators for the OECD countries • R&D quotas; • Real-term R&D expenditure; • Comparison of EU (15), U.S. and Japan.

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40. National R&D Indicators of Austria in Comparison • Austria in comparison with EU15 and Finland.

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49. Some Key Tertiary Education Indicators in Comparison • Tertiary degree attainment.