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Quiz. Question 1. In October 1935, which country does Mussolini invade? Manchuria. Poland. Ethiopia. Greece. Question 2. Neville Chamberlain is the prime minister of which country? Britain France Italy Austria. Question 3. What country does Hitler seek union with? Soviet Union
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Question 1 In October 1935, which country does Mussolini invade? • Manchuria. • Poland. • Ethiopia. • Greece.
Question 2 Neville Chamberlain is the prime minister of which country? • Britain • France • Italy • Austria
Question 3 What country does Hitler seek union with? • Soviet Union • Italy • Denmark • Austria
Question 4 Japan’s Invasion of eastern China in 1937 would be referred to as the: • Second Sino-Japanese War • The Japanese Invasion of Manchuria • The Mukden Incident • The Eastern Front
Question 5 In September 1938, Hitler demands the __________, an area bordering Germany where numerous German speaking people live. Britain and France would appease him. • Balkans • Sudetenland • Slovakia • Baltic States
There you are, standing beside an open field, and you are confronted with things you cannot believe, things you have never seen in your life, things you would not think possible in this day and age. There in the open fields, all the way to the horizon, are the skeletons of human beings, just lying there in the open fields. I don’t mean a few. There are hundreds, thousands, tens of thousands...Human remains lying in the fields. Human skeletons as far as the eye can see. - Walter Seledec
Obey or die • Soldiers, and the families of soldiers killed for disobeying or deserting.
“One death is a tragedy. A million deaths is a statistic.” - Joseph Stalin.
Why attack the Soviet Union? • Hitler saw Bolsheviks as Jewish revolution. • Hitler saw the Soviet Union as weak. • Soviets can’t handle little Finland. • Thought he could invade Soviet Union and win in less than a month. • British intelligence thought Soviet Union could only last 10 days against Germany.
Surprise attack • Operation Barbarossa (1941): • Incredibly successful. • Great news for Britain. • Now a two-front war.
“If Hitler invaded hell, I would make at least a favorable reference to the devil in the House of Commons.” - Winston Churchill
War of annihilation • Nazi soldiers encouraged to kill as many Soviets as possible. • Planned encirclements and mass murder. • Soviets wanted revenge for poor treatment. • Horrible cycle of violence.
The Seige of leningrad (sep.1941-Jan.1944) • No intention to take the city. • Didn’t want to feed the citizens there. • Surrounded the city and starved it for 2 ½ years (1941-1944) • 5000 people a day are dying.
Battle of Moscow (Oct. 1941-Jan.1942) • Moscow to be defended to the last person. • In month leading up to Moscow, the Soviet Union loses 2.1 Million troops to encirclements and battle. • “General Winter” comes. • Russians burn all housing 40 miles outside of Moscow to prevent Germans being able to house there. • -63 Degrees Fahrenheit. • Weapons fail. • Get re-enforcements from the East. • German offensive stops here.
The Battle of Stalingrad (Aug. 1942-Feb. 1943) • Luftwaffe bombs Stalingrad to soften up Russia. • 40,000 die in the first 48 hours. • Environment invaded the defender greatly.
Huge loss of life • Casualties: • Operation Barbarossa: 1.4 – 5 Million • Battle of Stalingrad: 1.2 – 1.8 Million • Siege of Leningrad: 1.1 – 4.5 Million • Battle of Moscow: .9-1.6 Million