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Chemical Reactions Chapter 6

Chemical Reactions Chapter 6. Oct. 7-11, 2013. The Big Idea: Law of Conservation of Matter Essential Question: What happens during a chemical reaction? IB Area of Interaction: Health and Social Education IB Guiding Question: How do you react?

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Chemical Reactions Chapter 6

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  1. Chemical ReactionsChapter 6

    Oct. 7-11, 2013
  2. The Big Idea: Law of Conservation of Matter Essential Question: What happens during a chemical reaction? IB Area of Interaction: Health and Social Education IB Guiding Question: How do you react? IB Objective: Criteria C—Knowledge and understanding of science Enable students to understand scientific knowledge (facts, ideas, concepts, processes, laws, principles, models and theories) and apply it to construct scientific explanations, solve problems and formulate scientifically supported arguments. Georgia Performance Standards: S8P1. Students will examine the scientific view of the nature of matter. g. Identify and demonstrate the Law of Conservation of Matter.
  3. Homework: Tues, Oct. 8: Chapter 6 Vocabulary Wed, Oct. 9: Chapt. 6 Study Guide Friday, Oct. 11: Chapter 6 Test Friday, Oct. 11: Variables and Hypothesis—An explanation of which factors will be changed while conducting the experiment and a hypothesis on the resulting impact of the change.
  4. Vocabulary:
  5. Monday Do NOW: What is the study of matter and how matter changes called?
  6. Tuesday Do NOW: Discuss the type of change from bread dough to warm browned bread.
  7. Wednesday Do NOW: Are chemical formulas and chemical equations the same thing?
  8. Thursday Do NOW: In what type of reaction do the reactants have less energy than the products?
  9. Friday Do NOW: Review notes prior to test.
  10. I. Evidence for Chemical Reactions A. Two main kinds of changes that you can observe when chemical reactions occur: Physical Property A characteristic of a substance that can be observed without changing the substance into another substance. Chemical Property A characteristic of a substance that describes its ability to change into other substances.
  11. B. Changes in Properties Color change A solid may appear Called a precipitate A gas may be produced Other changes may occur
  12. B. Changes in Properties Energy is absorbed Frying an egg Energy is released Burning Wood
  13. II. Describing Chemical Reactions What is a chemical equation? A short, easy way to show a chemical equation 1. If a molecule of carbon dioxide is involved in a chemical reaction, how is it represented in the chemical equation for the reaction? CO2
  14. B. Formulas in an Equation
  15. C. Structure of an Equation 1. Label the following formula: (see page 195, figure 8) FeS Fe + S
  16. D. Conservation of Mass At the end of a chemical reaction, what is the total mass of the reactants compared to the total mass of the products? The total mass of the reactants is the same as the total mass of the products.
  17. D. Conservation of Mass 1. Open system Matter can enter from or escape to the surroundings 2. Closed system Matter is not allowed to enter or leave i.e.: a reaction in a sealed plastic bag
  18. E. Balancing Chemical Equations 1. A chemical equation is balanced when Examples: it accurately represents the conservation of mass by showing the same number of each type of atom on both sides of the equation.
  19. F. Classifying Chemical Reactions Two or more substances combine to make a more complex compound. Synthesis 2SO2 + O2 + 2H2OH2SO4 Compounds are broken down into simpler products Decomposition 2H2O22H2O+O2 One element replaces another in a compound, or two elements in different compounds trade places. Replacement 2CuO+C2Cu +CO2
  20. 1. Classify each of the following equations as synthesis, decomposition, or replacement. a. CaCO3CaO+CO2 ____________________ b. 2Na+Cl22NaCl ____________________ c. Mg+CuSO4MgSO4+Cu ____________________ Decomposition Synthesis Replacement
  21. III. Controlling Chemical Reactions Increase in surface area Causes Increase in temperature Increased rate of reaction Effect Increase in concentration Use of a catalyst
  22. B. Rates of Chemical Reactions 1. Five factors that affect the rate of a chemical reaction: a. surface area b. temperature c. concentration d. a catalyst e. an inhibitor
  23. B. Rates of Chemical Reactions 2. Why must living things rely on thousands of catalysts for chemical reactions necessary for life? Many chemical reactions necessary for life happen at temperatures that would kill living things. Enzymes are necessary to allow these reactions to occur at safe temperatures.
  24. B. Rates of Chemical Reactions 3. How do inhibitors work? An inhibitor is a material used to decrease the rate of a reaction. Most inhibitors work by preventing reactants from coming together.
  25. IV. Fire and Fire Safety The following three things are necessary to start and maintain a fire: Fuel Oxygen Heat
  26. B. Fire Safety Controlling Fire Get the fuel away from the flame Keep oxygen from getting to the fuel. Cool the combustion reaction 2. Fighting Fires Home remedy—baking sodawhen heated releases carbon dioxide gas which smothers a fire Cover the pan to cut off the oxygen 3. Preventing Fires
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