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Refraction. n 1 = 1. 1. 1. 1. 2. n 2 > 1. 2. 2. Radius = vT = (c/n)T. Triangle hcg sin 2 = 2 /hc. Triangle hce sin 1 = 1 /hc. sin 1 /sin 2 = 1 / 2 = ( v 1 /f) / ( v 2 /f) = v 1 /v 2 = (c/n 1 )/(c/n 2 ) = n 2 /n 1.
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Refraction n1 = 1 1 1 1 2 n2 > 1 2 2 Radius = vT = (c/n)T
Triangle hcg sin 2 = 2/hc Triangle hce sin 1 = 1/hc sin 1 /sin 2 = 1 /2 = (v1/f) / (v2/f) = v1/v2 = (c/n1)/(c/n2) = n2/n1 n1 sin 1 = n2 sin 2 Snell’s Law
n1 sin 1 = n2 sin 2 2=/2 ==> sin c = n2/n1 Water n=1.5 Air n=1. c= 41.80 Reflection refraction
1 2 3 4 Halo
1200 1 2 3 4 Sun Dogs n sin2=sin 1 n sin3=sin 4 2 + 3 = 600 Deflection = 1 + 4 - 600 n=1.33
nred < nblue vred=c/nred > vblue =c/nblue prism
Fermat’s Principle • The path taken by light in travelling from one point to another is such that the time of travel is a minimum
Refraction • Minimize t with respect to x • dt/dx=0 using dL1/dx=x/L1 =sin1 and dL2/dx=(x-d)/L2 = -sin2 • dt/dx=(n1sin 1 - n2 sin 2)/c = 0 Time?