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Ｎｏｖ 22, 2005

Outline of the Demonstrative Research Project on Efficient Technologies for Photovoltaic Power Generation for Grid-connected Systems in China. Ｎｏｖ 22, 2005. Contents. Corporate Profile of Shikoku Electric Power Co. (YONDEN)

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Ｎｏｖ 22, 2005

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  1. Outline of the Demonstrative Research Project on Efficient Technologies for Photovoltaic Power Generation for Grid-connected Systems in China Ｎｏｖ 22, 2005

  2. Contents • Corporate Profile of Shikoku Electric Power Co.(YONDEN) • International Cooperative Demonstrative Research Project Utilizing Photovoltaic Power Generation Systems of NEDO • Overview of the Demonstrative Research Project on Efficient Technologies for Photovoltaic Power Generation for Grid-connected Systems in China • Project Results

  3. Corporate Profile ofShikoku Electric Power Co.

  4. General Overview • Established on May 1, 1951 • One of the 10 electric utilities in Japan • Service area covers Shikoku Island • 4,872 employees • 26,273 mil. kWh sales in FY2004

  5. Renewable Energy in Shikoku, Japan 1 MW PV System 300 kW PV System Fuel Cell Pilot Plant 300 kW Wind Turbine

  6. Yonden’s PV Projects Xinjiang China Syria Shikoku Japan Laos Panama (FS & Basic Design) Cambodia Kiribati

  7. International Cooperative Demonstrative Research Project Utilizing Photovoltaic Power Generation Systems of NEDO

  8. International Cooperative Demonstrative Research Project Utilizing Photovoltaic Power Generation Systems of NEDO • A renewable energy power generation system, such as PV, is easy to maintain and environmentally friendly, with an energy supply that is virtually unlimited. Early application of the technology for practical use is extremely significant for a stable energy supply and environmental protection. • A demonstrative project is conducted in cooperation between NEDO and a host country to develop technology for power generation systems. It utilizes various renewable energy resources in accordance with the climatic conditions and social systems of the host country. • The objectives of such projects are: 1)To promote the introduction of renewable energy power generation systems through demonstrative operation to achieve various manners of utilization 2)To support the self-help efforts of the host country regarding environmental protection and efficient energy utilization

  9. International Cooperative Demonstrative Research Projects Utilizing Photovoltaic Power Generation Systems of NEDO • FY1992～FY2005 • 9 Countries China, Thailand, Malaysia, Vietnam, Myanmar, Mongolia, Cambodia, et al. • 15 Projects

  10. Overview of the Demonstrative Research Project on Efficient Technologies for Photovoltaic Power Generation for Grid-connected Systems in China

  11. Xingxingxia （星星峡）

  12. Objective of the Project (1) Early commercial application of a system that maximizes the utilization of new energy to promote the mass introduction of new energy provided by PV power generation, etc. (2) Establishment of an effective system for PV power generation, etc. within small-scale grids on the supply side (3) Verification of the improvement of output through cooling of PV power generation modules (4) Improvement of power generation efficiency of the entire system and control of output fluctuation (5) Verification of system efficiency taking into consideration the stability in electricity supply and improved economics by such as life extension or reduction of the number of storage batteries (6) Design of a system dissemination plan

  13. Research Contents This demonstrative research is to verify technology that is designed to stabilize the power system. It accomplishes by charging and discharging of the concentrated battery unit which will control the generating output. This technology compensates the normal fluctuation that are caused by irradiation variances and load fluctuation that occurs on the consumer side.

  14. Shikoku Research Institute Inc. Yonden Engineering Co., Inc. Research Structure Basic Agreement National Development and Reform Commission Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regional Development Planning Commission New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) Trust Report Trust Report mutual cooperation Shikoku Electric Power Co.,Inc. China Xinjiang Sunoasis Co., Ltd Second Trust

  15. System Overview PV （60kW） Water-Cooled PV(10kW) Diesel Generator (70kW) Control Panel Advanced Storage Batteries (80kW/400kWh)

  16. System Construction ［50kW］ Inverter Grid-connected Bi Directional Inverter PhotovoltaicArray Conventional Battery DG Advanced Battery Central Control Panel PhotovoltaicArray （Water-Cooled） Inverter Grid-connected Water Supply Equipment PhotovoltaicArray （Water-Cooled） Alternating Current Grid Inverter Grid-connected PhotovoltaicArray （Standard） Inverter Grid-connected

  17. Operation pattern （daytime） ＜ ＞ ＜ PV OutputDemand Power Lower Limit Upper Limit

  18. Operation pattern （nighttime） ＜ ＞ Battery OutputDemand Power Lower Limit

  19. PV Panel Copper pipes with aluminum fin Cooling Water Type of water-cooled PV（Running water type） ・PV panels are cooled by water which run through in copper pipes under the panels

  20. Jacket PV Panel GL Type of water-cooled PV（Storage water type） ・PV panels are cooled by water stored in jackets under the panels

  21. System Overview（Centralized Control Method and Dispersed Control Method） • Centralized Control Method • 　・All systems are controlled from a centralized control system • 　・Communication lines supply the centralized control system with all the • necessary data • 　・Readily available information improves the control quality • 　・When a generation system is added, the centralized control system must be • modified and an extension of the communication line is required • Dispersed Control Method • 　・Self-control of each generation system • 　・Communication line to collect information from the power system is not • necessary • 　・The control quality is not as good because each system is independently • controlled • 　・It is easier to add a new generator system as it does not require extensive modification and line extension

  22. Construction Overview PV:10kW （Water-Cooled） Petrol Station Power Supply Area Tollgate PV:60kW DG：70kW Bat：400kWh Control System Water Purification Plant Distribution Line:3Phase4Wire-380V,approx.1km Town Administration

  23. Actual Process 2003 2004 2005 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ★ Kick off Meeting ▼ Commencement of Construction(5/28) (10/22 at Urumqi) House,Foundation,fence Work First Transport Third Transport Second Transport ★Ceremony of the completion (4/22 at Xingxingxia) Water-cooled PV, Water supply equipment 60kWPV,Bat, Weather Monitoring System Control Panel,DG Install and Adjustment ▼Commencement of Operation(4/1) Install and Adjustment Install and Adjustment Distribution Line Work Construction of upkeep structure Test Operation Collection and Verification of the data

  24. Project Results

  25. Result of research（Water-cooling effect） • The temperature of PV module increased by approx.＋30℃ when compared to ambient temperature • Cooling decreased the temperature of PV module approx. 20℃ （running・storage） • Efficiency increased approx. 0.18～0.68% as a result of cooling The difference of module temperature（14.9℃） =Standard Module（46.5℃)－Running Water Module(31.6℃) The increase of output（252.8W) ＝Running Water Module(2751.6W)－Standard Module（2498.8W） The efficient(0.68%／℃）＝252.8(W)÷2498.8(W)÷14.9（℃） • The Running Water cooling method is more effective than the Storage Water cooling method

  26. Water Cooling Effect（module temperature－ Solar Radiation） Module Temperature 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2005/6/13 0:00 2005/6/13 1:00 2005/6/13 2:00 2005/6/13 3:00 2005/6/13 4:00 1.2 1 0.8 Solar Radiation(kW/m2) Temperature(℃) 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 2005/6/13 5:00 2005/6/13 6:00 2005/6/13 7:00 2005/6/13 8:00 2005/6/13 9:00 2005/6/13 10:00 2005/6/13 11:00 2005/6/13 12:00 2005/6/13 13:00 2005/6/13 14:00 2005/6/13 15:00 2005/6/13 16:00 2005/6/13 17:00 2005/6/13 18:00 2005/6/13 19:00 2005/6/13 20:00 2005/6/13 21:00 2005/6/13 22:00 2005/6/13 23:00 Time ①Avg. Temp StandardＰＶ ②Avg. Temp Storage WaterＰＶ ③Avg. Temp Running Water ＰＶ ④Ambient Temperature ⑤Solar Radiation

  27. Water Cooling Effect（PV Output） 2 Conversion) PV Output(Solar Radiation：1kW/m 3500 3000 2500 2000 Output(W) 1500 1000 500 0 2005/6/13 0:00 2005/6/13 1:00 2005/6/13 2:00 2005/6/13 6:00 2005/6/13 8:00 2005/6/13 3:00 2005/6/13 4:00 2005/6/13 5:00 2005/6/13 7:00 2005/6/13 9:00 2005/6/13 11:00 2005/6/13 15:00 2005/6/13 17:00 2005/6/13 18:00 2005/6/13 19:00 2005/6/13 20:00 2005/6/13 22:00 2005/6/13 23:00 2005/6/13 10:00 2005/6/13 12:00 2005/6/13 13:00 2005/6/13 14:00 2005/6/13 16:00 2005/6/13 21:00 Time Standard ＰＶ(1kw/m2) Storage Water ＰＶ(1kW/m2) Running Water PＶ(1kW/m2)

  28. Result of research（Frequency Fluctuation） • Frequency fluctuation(specified value ±0.5Hz（±1%）) occurs when the diesel generator starts and stops operating. Fluctuation is automatically compensated by the system, so there is no negative effect to customers. • The change in frequency fluctuation was limited to ±0.3Hz from standard value 　　　・A change of ±0.3Hz occurred 99.4% of the time (from April to July)

  29. Frequency Fluctuation （Centralized control） Frequency 51.0 50.8 50.6 50.4 50.2 (Hz) 50.0 49.8 49.6 49.4 49.2 49.0 2005/7/3 6:00 2005/7/3 7:00 2005/7/3 8:00 2005/7/3 9:00 2005/7/3 0:00 2005/7/3 1:00 2005/7/3 2:00 2005/7/3 3:00 2005/7/3 4:00 2005/7/3 5:00 2005/7/3 20:00 2005/7/3 21:00 2005/7/3 22:00 2005/7/3 23:00 2005/7/3 10:00 2005/7/3 11:00 2005/7/3 12:00 2005/7/3 13:00 2005/7/3 14:00 2005/7/3 15:00 2005/7/3 16:00 2005/7/3 17:00 2005/7/3 18:00 2005/7/3 19:00 Time

  30. Distribution of Frequency（from April to July） 99.4%

  31. Result of research（ Voltage Fluctuation） • Voltage fluctuation was limited to ±10V from standard value 　　　・A change of ±10V occurred 100% of the time (from April to July)

  32. Voltage Fluctuation （Centralized control） Transmission line Voltage (Avg. 10min） 400.0 395.0 390.0 385.0 380.0 (V) 375.0 370.0 365.0 360.0 355.0 350.0 2005/7/3 6:00 2005/7/3 7:00 2005/7/3 8:00 2005/7/3 9:00 2005/7/3 0:00 2005/7/3 1:00 2005/7/3 2:00 2005/7/3 3:00 2005/7/3 4:00 2005/7/3 5:00 2005/7/3 20:00 2005/7/3 21:00 2005/7/3 22:00 2005/7/3 23:00 2005/7/3 10:00 2005/7/3 11:00 2005/7/3 12:00 2005/7/3 13:00 2005/7/3 14:00 2005/7/3 15:00 2005/7/3 16:00 2005/7/3 17:00 2005/7/3 18:00 2005/7/3 19:00 Time

  33. Distribution of Voltage（from April to July） 100%

  34. Result of research（Condition of demand：from April to July） • The electricity consumption during nighttime （21:00～2:00) is greater than daytime Daytime（9:00～20:00) Avg. Power：11.3kW Nighttime（21:00～2:00) Avg. Power：20.0kW • The consumption during daytime is almost constant • The maximum demand Maximum demand power：44.6kW（July 23） Maximum daily consumption：454.8kWh（July 13）

  35. Avg. Demand curb (from April to July)

  36. Maximal Demand (from April to July) Max. demand Chipped Data Testing term

  37. Maximal Daily Consumption (from April to July) Max. daily consumption Chipped data Testing term

  38. Result of research （Condition of operation） • It is verified that the system is operated stably as the start and stop operation of generator are controlled certainly

  39. Condition of Operation （Centralized control） Generation power and Charged power 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 (kW) 10.0 0.0 -10.0 -20.0 -30.0 -40.0 -50.0 2005/7/3 7:00 2005/7/3 8:00 2005/7/3 9:00 2005/7/3 6:00 2005/7/3 0:00 2005/7/3 1:00 2005/7/3 2:00 2005/7/3 3:00 2005/7/3 4:00 2005/7/3 5:00 2005/7/3 10:00 2005/7/3 11:00 2005/7/3 12:00 2005/7/3 13:00 2005/7/3 14:00 2005/7/3 15:00 2005/7/3 16:00 2005/7/3 17:00 2005/7/3 18:00 2005/7/3 22:00 2005/7/3 23:00 2005/7/3 19:00 2005/7/3 20:00 2005/7/3 21:00 Time Efficient power of DG (kW) Efficient power of ＰＶ INV (kW) Efficient power of ＢＡＴ INV (kW)

  40. Overview of Operation & Management • The power supply contracts are agreed with 29 customers • The price of electricity was decided RMB1.81／kWh

  41. Structure of Operation & Management Manager(1person) Staff（4person, 1group2person, 2shift) 4 2 2 管理員（ 人： 人１組 交替） Hami city Development Planning Commission 哈密市発展計画委員会 Approval of tariff ＜Xinjiang Xingxingxia PV power station＞ Price bureau 物　価　局 Dispatch staff 星星峡鎮政府 Xingxingxia town Administration Entrust the fund management Finance Group（2person) Pay the fund Office work Collection of money 事務管理 ・read a meter read a meter ・Operation of generation system 技術管理 Engineer work （Operation、Replenish Fuel） Customer ・Maintenance of generation system Check, Renewal, Maintenance （Routine patrol and check, change of consumable goods） Maintenance Company メンテナンス会社 ・React to accident and trouble （SunOasis [plan] ） Entrust a check （サンオアシス予定）

  42. 2-5, Marunouch, Takamatsu 760-8573 Japan Phone: +81-87-821-5011 FAX: +81-87-825-3011 Thank You

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