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Properties of Fluids Behavior of Gases

Properties of Fluids Behavior of Gases. Boats Float, Pressure, and Principles. Buoyancy revisited…. What is a fluid? liquid or gas Buoyancy- ability of a fluid to exert an upward force on an object immersed in it. If buoyant force is equal to object’s weight, object floats

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Properties of Fluids Behavior of Gases

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  1. Properties of FluidsBehavior of Gases Boats Float, Pressure, and Principles

  2. Buoyancy revisited… • What is a fluid? liquid or gas • Buoyancy- ability of a fluid to exert an upward force on an object immersed in it. • If buoyant force is equal to object’s weight, object floats • If buoyant force is less than objects weight, object sinks.

  3. Archimedes + Buoyancy= Happy King • Archimedes Eureka Moment- a buoyant forceon an object is = to the weight of fluid displacement by the object. • Block pushing on water • Water displaced is equal to block’s weight so it floats • If water displaced is weighs less than the block, the block sinks.

  4. Pascal’s Principle-can you feel the pressure? • Pascal’s principle- pressure applied to a fluid is transmitted throughout the fluid • Ex: When you squeeze one end of a tube of toothpaste out the other end • Ex: Car raised by hydraulic lift in auto shop (pressure is on fluid in small cylinder usually supplied by an air compressor)

  5. Bernoulli’s Principle • As the velocity of a fluid increases, the pressure exerted by the fluid decreases • Part of the reason that airplanes fly • Watch this: Paper rises when air blows across the top- pressure pushing down is less than the pressure pushing up from the bottom of the paper.

  6. Viscosity-Fluid Flow • Fluids tend to flow or be able to be poured • Viscosity – resistance of a fluid to flow • Syrup from the fridge is slow (high viscosity), if its heated it flows faster • Cold fluids have greater viscosity- particles move slower and transfer energy slower

  7. Ear Popping-Gases Behaving Badly • Have your ears ever popped? Changes in the pressure is the culprit • Our ears are trying to equalize the changes in pressure. This is especially true when an airplane is landing, going from low atmospheric pressure down closer to earth where the air pressure is higher.

  8. Pressure-What is it and why does gas have it? • Pressure - amount of force exerted per unit of area • Unit of pressure= (Pa) Pascal • Gas particles move and collide with the sides of their container.

  9. Boyle’s Law and a {He}(can you guess whatelement symbol that is?) Balloon • Boyle’s Law- if the temperature is constant, as volume decreases, pressure of the gas will increase. P and V are inversely related. • Helium balloon-as it rises, pressure decreases, allowing the volume to increase (expand until the balloon ruptures)

  10. Charles’s Law and Hot Air Balloons • Charles’s Law-volume of a gas increases with increasing temperature provided the pressure does not change. T and V are directly related. • Reason= if its hotter, particles move faster = hit walls more often, forcing walls outward

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