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SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037). Chapter 8 Enable Infrastructure Services. Objectives. Configure and Manage Network Printing Services Configure Network File Systems Manage Resources on the Network. Configure and Manage Network Printing Services. Objectives

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SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

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  1. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037) Chapter 8 Enable Infrastructure Services

  2. Objectives • Configure and Manage Network Printing Services • Configure Network File Systems • Manage Resources on the Network SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  3. Configure and Manage Network Printing Services • Objectives • Printers and Linux Support • CUPS and SUSE Linux Enterprise Server • How to Configure a SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Network Printer • How to Modify a SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Network Printer • How to Manage Printing from the Command Line • How to Access the CUPS Web Administration Tools • How to Troubleshoot the CUPS Print System SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  4. Printers and Linux Support • Check the following sources: • http://cdb.suse.de/ or http://hardwaredb.suse.de/ • SUSE Linux Enterprise Server printer database • www.linuxprinting.org/ • Contains printer database on linuxprinting.org • www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/ • Ghostscript Web page • file:/usr/share/doc/packages/ghostscript/catalog.devices • This lists included drivers SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  5. CUPS and SUSE Linux Enterprise Server • CUPS (Common Unix Printing System) • Default printing system of the SLES • How CUPS handles print jobs • Print job is created by a user or a program • The file to print is saved in a queue • Printer daemon cupsd collects file to print from the queue • Printer receives the data and prints it • Print job is removed from the queue SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  6. CUPS and SUSE Linux Enterprise Server (continued) • How the cupsd daemon works • Printer daemon cupsd • Administers local queues and filters • Converts data to print to a printer-specific format • Steps • cupsd gets submitted print jobs from the queue • And sends them to the printer • cupsd then executes the print jobs in the queue in order • Data is converted to PostScript • Number of pages is determined with the tool pstops • Printer-specific filters start SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  7. CUPS and SUSE Linux Enterprise Server (continued) SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  8. How to Configure a SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Network Printer • SUSE Linux Enterprise Server and supported printing protocols • socket • Connection in which data is sent to an Internet socket • Without first performing a data handshake • LPD (Line Printer Daemon) • Printer queue is sent before the actual print data • Accepts any name as the printer queue • Port number for an LPD service is 515 • Device URI example: lpd://host-printer/LPT1 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  9. How to Configure a SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Network Printer (continued) • SUSE Linux Enterprise Server and supported printing protocols (continued) • IPP (Internet Printing Protocol) • Based on the HTTP protocol • Transmits much more job-related data • CUPS uses IPP for the internal data transmission • Port number for IPP is 631 • SMB (Standard Message Block) • Can print on printers connected to Windows shares • Port numbers 137, 138, and 139 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  10. How to Configure a SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Network Printer (continued) • SUSE Linux Enterprise Server and PostScript printers • PPD (PostScript Printer Description) • Computer language that describes the properties and options of PostScript printers • During installation a lot of PPD files are preinstalled • If a PostScript printer is configured • Get a suitable PPD file and store it in the directory /usr/share/cups/model/ SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  11. How to Configure a SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Network Printer (continued) • How to configure a network printer with YaST • Start YaST Printer module • Add a new printer manually • Select the printer type • Save the configuration by selecting Finish SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  12. How to Configure a SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Network Printer (continued) SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  13. How to Configure a SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Network Printer (continued) SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  14. How to Configure a SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Network Printer (continued) SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  15. How to Configure a SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Network Printer (continued) • How to configure a network from the command line • Use lpadmin command • lpadmin -p <queue> -v <device-URI> -P <PPD-file> -E • Enable a parallel printer example • lpadmin -p ps -v parallel:/dev/lp0 -P /usr/share/cups/model/Postscript.ppd.gz –E • Enable a network printer example • lpadmin -p ps -v socket://192.168.1.0:9100/ -P /usr/share/cups/model/Postscript-level1.ppd.gz -E SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  16. How to Modify a SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Network Printer • How to modify a network printer with YaST • Start YaST Printer module • Select Change • Edit an existing network printer configuration • Select an option area; then select Edit • Save the configuration • Close YaST Control Center (optional) SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  17. How to Modify a SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Network Printer (continued) SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  18. How to Modify a SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Network Printer (continued) SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  19. How to Modify a SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Network Printer (continued) • How to modify a network printer from the command line • List all options for a printer • lpoptions -p queue-name -l • Change an option using the lpadmin command • Check the new setting • lpoptions -p queue-name -l SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  20. How to Modify a SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Network Printer (continued) • How to modify printer settings from KDE • kprinter • KDE utility for changing the properties of a printer stored in its ppd file • Steps • Start kprinter from an application • Or from the command line by entering kprinter • Select the printer you want to modify • Save new configuration SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  21. How to Modify a SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Network Printer (continued) SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  22. How to Modify a SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Network Printer (continued) SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  23. How to Manage Printing from the Command Line • Basic printer management • /usr/bin/enable printer • Starts a printer queue for the indicated printer • /usr/bin/disable printer • Stops a printer queue for the indicated printer • /usr/sbin/reject printer • Rejects print jobs for the indicated printer • /usr/sbin/accept printer • Accepts print jobs for the indicated printer SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  24. How to Manage Printing from the Command Line (continue) • CUPS printer commands • CUPS provides two kinds of commands • Berkeley3 and System V • Submit a print job • Berkeley: lpr -P queue file • System V: lp -d queue file • Display print jobs • Berkeley: lpq -P queue • System V: lpstat -o queue -p queue SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  25. How to Manage Printing from the Command Line (continue) • CUPS printer commands (continued) • Cancel print jobs • Berkeley: lprm -P queue jobnumber • System V: cancel queue-jobnumber • Configure a queue • lpoptions -p queue -l • lpoptions -p queue -o option=value • Changes the options of a queue SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  26. How to Manage Printing from the Command Line (continue) • SUSE Linux Enterprise Server printer commands • Disable a print queue • /usr/bin/disable queue • Enable a print queue • /usr/bin/enable queue • Reject print jobs • /usr/bin/reject queue • Accept print jobs • /usr/bin/accept queue SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  27. How to Access the CUPS Web Administration Tools • Enter the following: • http://localhost:631 • You can manage printer classes, jobs, and printers • root must be set up as a CUPS administrator • With CUPS administration group sys and a CUPS password • Do this as the root user by entering: • lppasswd -g sys -a root SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  28. How to Access the CUPS Web Administration Tools (continued) SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  29. How to Troubleshoot the CUPS Print System • Set the log level to record errors • Messages are written to /var/log/cups/error_log • By default, only inquiries and status changes are logged to the file • Change LogLevel option in cupsd configuration file • /etc/cups/cupsd.conf • Restart CUPS by entering rccups restart • Check the access log • File /var/log/cups/access_log • Logs every access to the CUPS daemon SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  30. How to Troubleshoot the CUPS Print System (continued) SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  31. How to Troubleshoot the CUPS Print System (continued) • Perform basic troubleshooting • Set LogLevel to debug in the /etc/cups/cupsd.conf • Stop cupsd by entering rccupsd stop • Avoid searching through large log files • By renaming the file /var/log/cups/error_log • Start cupsd by entering rccupsd start • Repeat the action that led to the problem • Check the messages in /var/log/cups/error_log • To identify the cause of the problem SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  32. Exercise 8-1 Configure CUPS Network Printing Services • In this exercise, you do the following: • Part I: Add a Printer to the Network with YaST • Part II: Manage the Printer from the Command Line • Part III: Manage the Printer with YaST • Part IV: Provide Access to the CUPS Administrator • Part V: Print to a Remote CUPS Printer SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  33. Configure Network File Systems • Objectives • Network File System (NFS) • Samba (CIFS) SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  34. Network File System (NFS) • Network File System (NFS) • Lets you configure an NFS file server • That gives users transparent access to programs, files, or storage space on the server • Network File System basics • Requires a NFS server and NFS clients • File systems are exported by an NFS server • And appear and behave on a NFS client • Used with Network Information Service (NIS) • To provide centralized user management on a network SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  35. Network File System (NFS) (continued) SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  36. Network File System (NFS) (continued) • Network File System basics • A computer can be both a NFS server and client • NFS server generally has a very large hard disk capacity • NFS daemon is part of the kernel • The start script is /etc/init.d/nfsserver • How NFS works • NFS and NIS are Remote Procedure Call (RPC) services SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  37. Network File System (NFS) (continued) • How NFS works • Portmapper • Manages RPC services • When an RPC service starts up • It binds to a port in the system • Communicates this port to the portmapper • File locking activated through script /etc/init.d/nfslock • Use command /etc/init.d/nfsserver to start NFS server • NFS service daemon (/usr/sbin/rpc.nfsd) • Starts the required kernel threads SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  38. Network File System (NFS) (continued) SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  39. Network File System (NFS) (continued) • How NFS works (continued) • mount daemon (/usr/sbin/rpc.mountd) • Accepts mount request and compares it with the entries in the configuration file /etc/exports • By default, four server threads are started • NFS configuration overview • Configuration settings are stored in /etc/exports • Client-side configuration file /etc/fstab • NFS server and clients can be configured with YaST • You can also modify the configuration files directly SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  40. Network File System (NFS) (continued) • How to configure NFS server with YaST • Start YaST NFS Server module • Select Start NFS Server; then select Next • Add a directory for export • Add other directories by selecting Add directory • Add, edit, or delete a host for a directory • Save the configuration by selecting Finish SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  41. Network File System (NFS) (continued) SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  42. Network File System (NFS) (continued) SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  43. Network File System (NFS) (continued) SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  44. Network File System (NFS) (continued) • How to configure NFS server manually • Check for service (daemon) availability • Configure the services to be available at bootup • Define exported directories in /etc/exports • Set permissions for exported directories in /etc/exports • Restart mountd and nfsd • How to temporarily export a directory • Use command exportfs SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  45. Network File System (NFS) (continued) SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  46. Network File System (NFS) (continued) • How to configure NFS client access with YaST • Start the YaST NFS Client module • Add a directory to the list by selecting Add • Configure the directory • Save the NFS client settings by selecting Finish • Close the YaST Control Center SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  47. Network File System (NFS) (continued) SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  48. Network File System (NFS) (continued) SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  49. Network File System (NFS) (continued) • How to configure and mount NFS directories • Mount NFS directories automatically • Make corresponding entries in the file /etc/fstab • Start script /etc/init.d/nfs loads the file /etc/fstab • Have the system read changes by entering mount -a • Activate start script of NFS client with insserv nfs • Import directories manually from an NFS server • Use command mount • Run RPC port mapper as root • Use rcportmap start SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

  50. Network File System (NFS) (continued) • How to configure and mount NFS directories • Import directories manually from an NFS server • Use –t option to indicate file system type • Use –o option to mount directory like a local partition • soft (opposite:hard) • bg (default:bg) • rsize=n • wsize=n • retry=n • nosuid • nodev SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3037)

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