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Gait Group Methods. Methods. Subjects 84 community-dwelling individuals, Denver Metro area: independent or assisted living 60 years and older 39 completed study. Inclusion. Age 60 years and older Cognitively able to understand directions Ambulate 50 feet continuously without stopping
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Methods • Subjects • 84 community-dwelling individuals, Denver Metro area: • independent or assisted living • 60 years and older • 39 completed study
Inclusion • Age 60 years and older • Cognitively able to understand directions • Ambulate 50 feet continuously without stopping • Physician approval for participation.
Exclusion • Medical diagnoses limiting physical ability • Active or acute fractures • Myocardial infarctions (MI) • Stroke • Traumatic brain injury within the previous six months • Joint replacements within the previous 12 months • Chronic neurological disorders limiting motion • Individuals using assistive devices were permitted to participate.
Methods • Survey & Consent Forms • Short From (36) Health Survey (SF-36) • Self-Efficacy for Exercise Scale (SEE) • Activities Based Confidence (ABC) Scale • Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) • Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Scale (MOS-SSS) • Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors (CHAMPS) Questionnaire
Methods • Random Assignment • 1 of 4 groups • Cardiovascular training (CVT) • Resistance training (RT) • Combination CVT & RT (CMB) • Control (CONRTOL)
Methods • Testing measurements • VO2max • Astrand Rhyming Cycle Ergometer Test • 50 RPM, 6-minutes • Nomogram to predict VO2max • Age adjusted • Hand Held Dynamometry (HHD) • 1 Repitition Maximum • Hip extensors, hip abductors, knee extensors, ankle dorsiflexors, ankle plantar flexors, abdominals, paraspinals • 2 trials, 3 second hold, 15-30 second rest between
Methods Intervention: • RT: 8 reps x 3 sets of 60-80% 1RM, 2x/wk • Exercised muscles of trunk, hip, knee and ankle. • CVT: walking or cycling for 30 min at 65-75% HR max, 2x/wk • HR, BP and perceived exertion were monitored • CMB: RT 1x/week and CVT 1x/week. • CNTRL: routine activities
Outcomes Measures • Gait parameters-GaitRite™ system: cadence, stride and step length, single-limb and double-limb support, gait velocity • Forward, self-selected • Forward, fast • Backward, comfortable • Functional Gait: • Emory Functional Ambulation Profile (E-FAP) obstacle course • Timed Up and Go