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Mangrove Ecosystems

Mangrove Ecosystems. Presented By : Katrina Aleksa. Background. Subtropical and Tropical Wetland Utilized as a nursery environment Protect against shoreline erosion. Structure. Shallow water Extensive Root System Thick Canopy High Nutrients Dark Environment. Mollusk Study.

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Mangrove Ecosystems

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  1. Mangrove Ecosystems Presented By : Katrina Aleksa

  2. Background Subtropical and Tropical Wetland Utilized as a nursery environment Protect against shoreline erosion

  3. Structure Shallow water Extensive Root System Thick Canopy High Nutrients Dark Environment

  4. Mollusk Study In The Caribbean Sea Collected One Root from 17 different Mangrove trees Found 5,771 individuals 21 species 17 families (Vilardy and Polania 276)

  5. Juvenile Fish Hypotheses • Structure and Root System • Decrease in Predation • Increase in Food Availability • Not one, but all make it a productive nursery environment • (Laegdsgaard and Johnson)

  6. Juvenile Fish Study Conducted In Spanish Bay, Caribbean Sea Compare and Discover the usage of mangroves, seagrass beds, and shallow coral reefs Results- Smallest size-classes utilize the seagrass beds Middle size-classes utilize the mangroves Large size-classes (mature/adult)utilize the reefs (Cocheret de la Moriniere et al.)

  7. Juvenile Fish Study (cont.) Conclusion- Seagrass Beds→Mangrove→Coral Reef Some species only utilize one habitat Mangroves more productive than seagrass beds All three environments are important (Cocheret de la Moriniere et al.)

  8. Human Use • Aquaculture • Agriculture • Silviculture • Urban Development • Extraction of Products • Tannins • Food • Medicine • Timber • Waste Disposal • (Tam and Wong)

  9. Destruction • 1% of the total mangrove area is being destroyed each year • About 50% is already gone • Considered one of the most threatened biomes in the world • The mangrove trees themselves becoming threatened • (Tam and Wong)

  10. Destruction Facts • 60-70% of mangroves around Thailand and Philippines turned to shrimp farms and are destroyed within 3-5 years • China in 1950’s had 42,000 ha, now has 24,115 ha • Hong Kong- • Deep Bay- lost 85% • Tolo Harbor- lost 45% • (Tam and Wong)

  11. Conservation Public Education International Policy to preserve the Mangroves and other wetlands

  12. References Cocheret de la Moriniere, E., B.J.A. Pollux, I. Nagelkerken, and G. van der Velde. Post-settlement Life Cycle Migration Patterns and Habitat Preference of Coral Reef Fish that use Seagrass and Mangrove Habitats as Nurseries. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. 55: 2002. 309-321. Duke, N.C. and A.E. Schwartzbach. Life on the edge: Past and future of mangroves. Wetlands Ecology and Mangement. 9: 2001. 159. Laegdsgaard, Pia and Craig Johnson. Why do juvenile fish utilise mangrove habitats?. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 257: 2001. 229-253. Mitsch, William J. and James G. Gosselink. Wetlands. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York, NY. 2000. Tam, Nora F.Y. and Y.S. Wong. Conservationans sustainable exploitation of mangroves in Hong Kong. Trees. 16: 2002. 224-229. Vilardy, Sandra and Jaime Polania. Mollusc fauna of the mangrove root-fouling community at the Colombian Archipelago of San Andre and Old Providence. Wetlands Ecology and Mangement. 10: 2002. 273-282.

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