330 likes | 842 Views
Stromboli: Lighthouse of the Mediterranean. Emily Nelson and Kaitlin Curran Department of Geology Colby College. Where is Stromboli?. Southern Italy (just north of Sicily’s mainland) Northernmost of Aeolian Islands Tyrrhenian Sea. Tectonic Setting.
E N D
Stromboli:Lighthouse of the Mediterranean Emily Nelson and Kaitlin Curran Department of Geology Colby College
Where is Stromboli? • Southern Italy (just north of Sicily’s mainland) • Northernmost of Aeolian Islands • Tyrrhenian Sea
Tectonic Setting • Part of the Calabrian volcanic arc (which includes Mount Etna, in Sicily!) • Subduction zone in which the African tectonic plate is moving underneath the Eurasian plate
Volcanic Dimensions • 924 meters above sea level • At least 1,000 meters from sea floor to surface • Roughly 2 kilometers in diameter
Features • Stratovolcano built by lava flows and pyroclastic events • Central crater filled with lava • Several active vents near the summit • Lava sometimes erupts through dikes that were previously closed
The “Sciara del Fuoco,” or “Stream of Fire” • Formed by slope collapses • Channels lava flows (most active vents are right above the Sciara del Fuoco)
Eruptive History • 200,000 years ago – formation • Two eruption cycles • Continuously 2,000 years • Largest in past century– 1930 • Most recent– 2003 & 2007 • Minor tsunami
Observed Eruptions • Classification: Strombolian • Always same pattern • Jet fountains of molten rock • “Slugs" of gas Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zkzhkxC5V2U
Volcanic Hazards • Less predictable • Most serious threat: Sciara del Fuoco • Several incidents (some resulted in deaths) • Volcanic bombs • Tsunami
Positive Contributions • Town nestled at base of volcano • Tourism is huge • Easy place to study Strombolian eruptions
Hydrothermal Activity • Active hydrothermal alteration • Near summit • Major focus of research
Geophysical Monitoring • EDM – ground deformation • COSPEC – volcanic gases • VLF – underground lava • Video & still cameras
Magma & Petrology • Mostly viscous mafic magma with some intermediate magma • Potassium-rich basalt and basaltic andesite • Scoria fragments • Can be blocks, bombs, lapilli, etc.
Deposits • Many pyroclastic deposits • Deposits from lava flows • Layers of lapilli from lava fountaining • Lahar deposits • Some visible sulfur deposits in the area
Works Cited • http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/volcano.cfm?vnum=0101-04=&volpage=erupt • http://www.universetoday.com/31890/mount-stromboli/ • http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2003/jan/05/italy.philipwillan • http://www.swisseduc.ch/stromboli/volcano/beso/bes03a-en.html • http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/activity/methods/deformation/edm/index.php • http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/activity/methods/gas/plumes.php • http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0377027378900082 • http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/46539557 • http://www.photovolcanica.com/VolcanoInfo/Stromboli/Stromboli.html • http://geology.com/volcanoes/stromboli/ • http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/volcano.cfm?vnum=0101-04 • http://volcano.oregonstate.edu/stromboli • http://www.geology.sdsu.edu/how_volcanoes_work/Strombolian.html
Images • http://society.ezinemark.com/five-most-active-volcanoes-in-the-world-7736774e63ab.html • http://www.swisseduc.ch/stromboli/volcano/sciara0203/flow-en.html?id=0 • http://www.observation-et-imagerie.fr/la_terre/hommage_maurice_katia_krafft.html • http://volcanocafe.wordpress.com/2012/10/27/a-volcanic-grand-tour-part-2/ • http://www.glogster.com/janni221/mount-stromboli-made-by-janni-soriano-/g-6l5pu1sfif4foc0v0t4oca0 • http://www.holidaycheck.com/data/urlaubsbilder/images/13/1156488859.jpg • http://images.volcanodiscovery.com/fileadmin/photos/italy/stromboli/0711/stromboli_i47518.jpg
Images • http://www.worldofstock.com/slides/NEA3356.jpg • http://www.swisseduc.ch/stromboli/glossary/icons/scoria.jpg • http://images.volcanodiscovery.com/fileadmin/photos/italy/stromboli/stromboli_0709/stromboli_i3687m.jpg • http://wallpaperswiki.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Volcano-Stromboli-Aeolian-Islands-North-Of-Sicily-Italy.jpg • http://www.theaustralian.com.au/travel/up-a-fire-breathing-mountain-and-back-in-the-nick-of-time/story-e6frg8rf-1226111971864 • http://www.mindserpent.com/American_History/introduction/bg/aeolian_islands.gif • http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_map_of_Italy.svg/350px-Flag_map_of_Italy.svg.png • http://tripthirsty.com/wishlist/fancy-dressed-nature-1/picture/311