Substance Abuse: Staying Safe & Drug Free

1. Substance Abuse: Staying Safe & Drug Free

2. Objectives • The students will understand that: • the use of tobacco, alcohol and other drugs affect everyone. • tolerance occurs with substance use. • there is help available for anyone whose life is affected by tobacco, alcohol and other drugs.  • Essential Questions: • How does substance use affect a person's every day life? • How does the use of tobacco, alcohol and other drugs affect society? • How can you support a friend or family member who is affected by substance use? • Resultant Knowledge: • The student will know: • the stages of alcoholism. • the legal guidelines that govern tobacco, alcohol and other drugs. • there are community resources available regarding tobacco, alcohol and other drugs. • there are warning signs that are recognizable with substance use.

3. The Decision Making Process • Review the decision making process (p. 27-28) • Write down the 6 steps of the decision making process and a brief description of each. • Read p. 308-318.

4. What is a Drug? • Definition: Any substance, natural or artificial, other than food, that by its chemical nature alters structure or function in the living organism. • ? To Think About: • Is tobacco a drug?

5. Facts About Tobacco & Smoking • 443,000 Americans die every year from smoke related illnesses • The death rate from heart disease is 70% higher for smokers than for nonsmokers • Smoking causes an estimated 90% of all lung cancer deaths in men and 80% of all lung cancer deaths in women. • An estimated 50,000 nonsmokers die each year from exposure to tobacco smoke released in the air by smokers.

6. The Chemicals of Tobacco • There are more than 4,000 chemicals in tobacco and more than 400 of them are poisonous • Some of these chemicals include: Acetone (finger nail polish remover), Butane (lighter fluid), Hydro. Cyanide (used in gas chamber), Ammonia (cleaning products), etc.

7. More Facts… • More deaths are caused each year by tobacco use than by all deaths from HIV, illegal drug use, alcohol use, motor vehicle injuries, suicides, and murders combined.

8. 3 Major Chemicals • Nicotine: a psychoactive chemical (causes change in a person’s mood and behavior) that causes an addiction. • Tar: solid matter in tobacco smoke that condenses into a thick liquid. • Carbon Monoxide: a poisonous gas released by burning tobacco.

9. Risks to Major Body Parts • Brain: • Restricts oxygen flow and causes narrowing of blood vessels of the brain, which can lead to stroke • Lungs: • Dramatically increases the risk of lung cancer and emphysema • Heart: • Increases heart rate and BP, Constricts blood vessels which can lead to a heart attack

10. Risks to Major Body Parts Cont. • Stomach: • Ulcers • Intestines: • Ulcers in the small intestine • Bladder: • Cancer of the bladder

11. Smoking and Disease • Cancer: a disease caused by cells that have lost normal growth controls and that invade and destroy healthy tissue. • Lung cancer is the most common. Others include, cancer of the larynx, esophagus, bladder, kidney and pancreas. • Respiratory Disease: • Chronic Bronchitis: inflammation of the bronchial tubes which leads to the production of excessive mucus. • Emphysema: tiny air sac of the lungs lose their elasticity and cause a constant shortness of breath.

12. Other Uses of Tobacco • Pipes • Cigars • Smokeless Tobacco: • Chewing Tobacco • Snuff

13. Deciding to Quit • Stages of Change • Precontemplation • Contemplation • Preparation • Action • maintenance

14. Final Thoughts • Do you think tobacco is a drug? • Are you still willing to use or try tobacco? Say Cheezzz!!!

15. Ch. 12: Alcohol • Alcohol: a drug that is produced by a chemical reaction in fruits, vegetables, and grains. • Depressant: drugs that slow down the body’s functions and reactions.

16. Facts about alcohol and teens • Research has shown that a teens body and mind are still developing, and alcohol interferes with long- and short-term growth. • Alcohol effects the brains ability to learn. • It increases the risk of social problems, depression, suicidal thoughts, and violence.

17. Why teens drink… • What teens say… • “It will help me forget my problems.” • “I will look mature with a drink in my hand.” • “Peer pressure- I don’t want to feel excluded.” • “I’m stressed out about school and life.” • What you should know • The problems that you’re facing will still be there when the alcohol effects wear off. • You won’t look mature when you are arrested for underage drinking. • True friends won’t make you do something that you don’t want to do. • Alcohol interferes with sleep and performance in school and on the field, creating more stress.

18. Short and Long Term Effects • Read Ch. 12 Lesson 2 & 3 • Write all of the vocab for both lessons (highlighted yellow words) • Take any notes on information that you feel is important. • 12 minutes

19. Do you have these questions answered in your notes??? • What is BAC? • At what level are you considered legally drunk? • What are factors that play a role in how fast alcohol will take effect? • What is cirrhosis and its effects on the body? • Give an example of a body organ that is affected by alcohol and how. • What are risks to an unborn baby from a mother who drinks while pregnant?

20. Alcohol Vocab • Reaction Time- the ability of the body to respond quickly and appropriately to situations. • Intoxication- a person’s mental and physical abilities have been impaired by alcohol. • Blood Alcohol Content (BAC)- a measure of the amount of alcohol present in a person’s blood. • Alcohol Poisoning- a dangerous condition that results when a person drinks excessive amounts of alcohol over a short period of time. • Malnutrition- a condition in which the body doesn’t get the nutrients it needs to grow and function properly. • Fatty Liver- condition in which fats build up in the liver and cannot be broken down. • Cirrhosis- a disease characterized by scarring and eventual destruction of the liver. • Binge Drinking- the consumption of a large quantity of alcohol in a very short period of time. • Inhibition- a conscious or unconscious restraint of a person’s own behaviors or actions.

21. Alcoholism • Addiction: a physical or psychological need for a drug. • Alcoholism: a progressive, chronic disease involving a mental and physical need for alcohol.

22. 5 major symptoms of Alcoholism • Denial- person doesn’t believe they have a problem. • Craving- a strong desire to drink. • Loss of control- person can’t limit their drinking habits. • Tolerance- Needing to drink more and more to feel the same effect. • Physical Dependence- body has a direct need for the drug.

23. Stages of Alcoholism • Stage 1: • Surprised by how much you can drink • Drinking to relax or get relief from stress & mental fatigue • Looking for opportunities to drink • A gradual increase in tolerance

24. Stages of Alcoholism • Stage 2: • Short-term memory loss and blackouts • Saying or doing hurtful things • Sneaking extra drinks and feeling guilty • Making excuses for drinking

25. Stages of Alcoholism • Stage 3: • Person becomes dependent on the drug • Aggressive, resentful behavior • Making and failing to keep promises • Losing interest in anything but drinking • Avoiding friends and family • Trouble with money, work and the law • Tremors and the start of severe physical concerns

26. Stages of Alcoholism • Stage 4: • Drinking becomes chronic • Long periods of being intoxicated • Strange or unreasonable fears • Faulty thinking or hallucinations • Malnutrition caused by not eating properly

27. Homework Tonight- 20pts • Put yourself in a situation where you have a friend who is using illegal drugs. (at least 1/2 a page) • What would you do? • What questions would you ask? • Who would you tell? • Are you going to let them continue to take drugs? • What actions would you take? • What if they offered you drugs? • Would you be willing to lose a friend?

28. Other Drugs • Marijuana- dried leaves and flowers of the hemp plant called cannabis sativa. • THC- the main addictive chemical in marijuana. Alters the way the brain processes sensory information. • Anabolic Steroids- synthetic substances related to the male sex hormones. Helps build muscle, strength, and endurace.

29. Other Drugs • Date Rape Drugs • Rohypnol (Roofie) & GHB • Both drugs suppress the central nervous system. • When these drugs are ingested, a person is usually unaware of what is happening around them and unable to resist anything that may be happening to them.

30. Other Drugs • Narcotics- specific drugs that are obtainable only by prescription and are used to relieve pain. • Examples- Opium, Heroin, OxyContin • Stimulants- drugs that speed up activity of the human brain and spinal cord. • Examples- Amphetamine, Methamphetamine, Cocaine, Crack

31. Other Drugs • Hallucinogens- Drugs that distort moods, thoughts, and senses. • Examples- PCP, LSD

32. Recovery • Teens who are struggling with drug use need help. • Many drug users are in denial. • Intervention- a gathering in which family and friends get the user to agree to seek help. • Some may not be in an environment conducive to getting the help they need. • Enablers- persons who create an atmosphere in which the drug user can comfortably continue his or her unacceptable behavior.

33. Recovery • Recovery- the process of learning to live a drug-free life. • Withdrawal- the physical & psychological reactions that occur when someone stops using an addictive substance. • These reactions can include headaches, tiredness, tremors, mood swings, and nausea. • Relapse- a return to the use of a drug after attempting to stop.

34. 4 Steps to Recovery • Admission- person must admit they have a problem. • Counseling- person need to seek outside help from counselors or support groups. • Detoxification- the physical process of freeing the body of an addictive substance. • Resolution- Drug user accepts responsibility for his or her actions and looks to move forward drug free.