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The Endocrine System: Part B

16. The Endocrine System: Part B. Pineal gland. Hypothalamus. Pituitary gland. Thyroid gland. Parathyroid glands (on dorsal aspect of thyroid gland). Thymus. Adrenal glands. Pancreas. Ovary (female). Testis (male). Figure 16.1. The Anatomy and Orientation of the Pituitary Gland.

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The Endocrine System: Part B

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  1. 16 The Endocrine System: Part B

  2. Pineal gland Hypothalamus Pituitary gland Thyroid gland Parathyroid glands (on dorsal aspect of thyroid gland) Thymus Adrenal glands Pancreas Ovary (female) Testis (male) Figure 16.1

  3. The Anatomy and Orientation of the Pituitary Gland Figure 18.6a, b

  4. http://www.siumed.edu/~dking2/erg/EN008b.htm

  5. Figure 16.8

  6. Thyroid gland histology

  7. C-cells/parafollicular cells in the thyroid

  8. Pharynx (posterior aspect) Chief cells (secrete parathyroid hormone) Thyroid gland Parathyroid glands Oxyphil cells Esophagus Trachea Capillary (a) (b) Figure 16.11

  9. Parathyroid gland

  10. Adrenal (Suprarenal) Glands • Superior position on kidneys • Adrenal medulla – epinephrine and norepinephrine • Adrenal cortex - secrete aldosterone, cortisol, androgens

  11. Pancreas • A triangular gland, which has both exocrine and endocrine cells, located behind the stomach • Acinar cells produce an enzyme-rich juice used for digestion (exocrine product) • Pancreatic islets (islets of Langerhans) produce insulin and glucagon

  12. Heart – produces atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), which reduces blood pressure, blood volume, and blood sodium concentration Gastrointestinal tract – enteroendocrine cells release local-acting digestive hormones Placenta – releases hormones that influence the course of pregnancy Kidneys – secrete erythropoietin, which signals the production of red blood cells Skin – produces cholecalciferol, the precursor of vitamin D Adipose tissue – releases leptin, which is involved in the sensation of satiety Other Hormone-Producing Structures

  13. Testes and Ovaries

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