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Growing up and getting old in Philadelphia Krogman Collection

Growing up and getting old in Philadelphia Krogman Collection. Ronnie Sebro, M.D., Ph.D Assistant Professor of Radiology, Genetics, Orthopedic Surgery Janet Monge, Ph.D. Keeper and Associate Curator, Penn Museum 11/10/2018. Conflicts of Interest. None. Outline. About Dr. Krogman

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Growing up and getting old in Philadelphia Krogman Collection

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  1. Growing up and getting old in PhiladelphiaKrogman Collection Ronnie Sebro, M.D., Ph.D Assistant Professor of Radiology, Genetics, Orthopedic Surgery Janet Monge, Ph.D. Keeper and Associate Curator, Penn Museum 11/10/2018

  2. Conflicts of Interest • None

  3. Outline • About Dr. Krogman • Forensic anthropology • Human growth and development and importance in medicine • Krogman’s collection at the University of Pennsylvania • Motivation • Unique features • Importance for curation and digitalization

  4. About Dr. Krogman • Wilton (Bill) Marion Krogman • Born: June 28, 1903 • Oak Park, Illinois, USA • Died: November 4, 1987 • Litiz, Pennsylvania, USA • Undergraduate & Graduate: University of Chicago

  5. About Dr. Krogman • Lecturer: • University of Chicago • Fellowship: • Royal College of Surgeons • Associate Professor: • Western Reserve University in Cleveland • Associate Professor: • University of Chicago • Professor: • University of Pennsylvania • Director of research: • H.K. Cooper Clinic

  6. About Dr. Krogman • Forensic anthropology • Child growth and development • Osteology • Odontology

  7. Forensic anthropology • "A Guide to the Identification of Human Skeletal Material” 1939 • The beginning of forensic anthropology in the United States • Osteology • Sex • Race • Stature • Age/ Age at death* • Odontology • Staging/Age • Growth

  8. Male vs Female?

  9. Male vs Female?

  10. Bone age • Delayed: • Growth hormone deficiency • Hypothyroidism • Constitutional delay of growth • Advanced • Precocious puberty • Congenital adrenal hyperplasia • Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome

  11. Bone age • PA radiographs of the hand and wrist • First ossification center – capitate • Last ossification center – thumb MCP sesamoids

  12. Skeletal bone age • Atlas of Greulich and Pyle (1959) • 1931 longitudinal study comprising 1000 children • US North European ancestry with high socioeconomic status • Asian preadolescent boys (chronological > bone age) • Asian adolescent boys (bone age > chronological) • Hispanic children (bone age > chronological) • African-American girls (bone age > chronological) Wingerd J, et al. Race and stature differences in the skeletal maturation of the hand and wrist. Ann Hum Biol. 1974 Apr;1(2):201-9. Ontell FK et al. Bone age in children of diverse ethnicity. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1996 Dec;167(6):1395-8. Zhang A et al. Racial differences in growth patterns of children assessed on the basis of bone age. Radiology. 2009 Jan;250(1):228-35.

  13. Orthopantomograms

  14. Advanced for Indian and Turkish children (dental > chronological) Advanced for African-American children (dental>chronological) Dental Aging – Demirjian’s method • Koshy Set al. Dental age assessment: the applicability of Demirjian's method in south Indian children. Forensic Sci Int. 1998 Jun 8;94(1-2):73-85. • Tunc ESet al. Dental age assessment using Demirjian's method on northern Turkish children. Forensic Sci Int. 2008 Feb 25;175(1):23-6. • Esan TA et al. Accuracy of the Demirjian and Willems methods of age estimation in a Black Southern African population. Leg Med (Tokyo). 2018 Mar;31:82-89.

  15. Human growth and development • Longitudinal research cohort 1948 in Philadelphia • 600 European-American boys and girls • ~300 African-American children were followed from birth to 20 years of age • Skull radiographs • Orthopantomograms • Hand-Wrist radiographs • Biopsychometric profiles

  16. Need and importance • Need a longitudinal minority cohort to assess growth (height) and development (dental)

  17. Table 1: Sample size and demographics of African-American/Black subjects with radiographic data African-American data

  18. Goals • Aim 1: Digitize radiographs, demographic and health data into a database • Aim 2: To create an African-American specific skeletal bone and dental atlas

  19. KROGMAN GROWTH STUDY Children born between the late 1930s and early 1960s. Children studied between 1 and 8 times - some covering from about 6 to 17 years. Study is mixed cross-section/longitudinal Is the largest and EARLIEST growth study Data is collected on growth and development (dental and hand/wrist). Compare chronological age to dental and post cranial assessment of age. There is a large amount of data on each child; diet, disease, height and weight, menarche, parent history, ancestry, birth weight, infant feeding, genealogy, personality characteristics HYPOTHESIS: Have patterns of growth and development changed over time? If yes, what factors have influenced these pattern changes?

  20. Join us for Drinks with the Sphinx See the largest Sphinx in the Western Hemisphere! 11:45 am – 1:15 pm Mosaic Hall and Egypt (Sphinx) Gallery $20 for guests ages 6+

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