הפצה ושיתוף מידע מרחבי ושרותים ברשת

2. הפצה ושיתוףמידע מרחבי ושרותים ברשת

3. סנריו פרקטי לדוגמה – • חברת תקשורת מנהלת שכבת קווי תקשורת פיזים • חברת חשמל מנהלת קווי חשמל • חברת התשתיות מנהלת שכבת תשתיות, • מרכז למיפוי מנהל את שכבת הקדסטר, טופגרפיה, ושכבת אורתופוטו • הרכבת מנהלת את תשתיות הרכבת, ומיקום רכבות בזמ"א • נתיבי איילון מנהל שכבות, ומפיץ עומסי תנועה דינאמיים • עיריית XXX מנהלת שכבות עירוניות, וארועים חריגים בתחומי התחום המוניציפאלי • המכון הגיאולוגי מנהל שכבת סוגי קרקעות, והתראות ססמוגרפיות בזמ"א • גופים עיסקיים (בנקים) מנהלים את המידע היחודי שלהם • ... • אלפים של שכבות מידע שונות, באירגונים שונים, מערכות שונות, בתכן שונה... • ואני רוצה בעמדה שלי לאתר ולגשת למידע ולשרותים, לתשאל, ולעבד, ולנתח, להציג מפה הרמונית המשלבת מידע פרטי שלי בסימבולוגיה חדשה בצורה מאובטחת, תוך שמירה על זכויות קניין, תוך שימוש בכלל המידע העדכני והשרותים הרלוונטים.

4. למימוש התהליך אני זקוק ל 2 רכיבים עקריים: • SDI • שרות הפצת נתונים מהיר ועליהם נדבר היום

5. PAST and CURRENT PARADIGMS • Paradigm 1 – Pre-digital, Hardcopy • Paper maps • Field surveys • Skill sets - cartographers and land surveyors • Dominant institutions - National Mapping • Agencies (NMAs) • Paradigm 2 – Digital Silos • Introduction of GIS • Building stand alone databases of digital location data; little or no interoperability between databases in other organizations • Focus on single thematic or geographical area • Internal own organization focus • Digitizing legacy data • Skill sets - GIS personnel, data base management • Dominant institutions – NMAs, government entities • Paradigm 3 – Spatial Data Infrastructures • Embracing the web • Focus on sharing of spatial data from different silos in a web environment • ‘Static’ data, much of it describing past situations • Standards development and implementation play a key role – software and data standards • Local, national and global focus • Skill sets – GIS, standards, data base management, web design, institutional/governance specialists • Dominant institutions – government entities, NMAs, private sector companies role growing

6. TRENDS IMPACTING ON THE EMERGING SPATIAL DATA ENVIONMENT

7. What is a Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI)? “The SDI provides a basis for spatial data discovery, evaluation, and application for users and providers within all levels of government, the commercial sector, the non-profit sector, academia and by citizens in general.” --The SDI Cookbook http://www.gsdi.org

8. Spatial Data Infrastructure SDI requires a framework of spatial data, metadata, users and toolsthat are interactively connected in order to use spatial data in an efficient and flexible way.

9. המרכיבים העקריים של SDI

10. Framework GEOdata Partnerships Partnerships Discovery Access Processing Clearinghouse (catalog) Services Metadata Metadata GEOdata Framework Standards Standards

11. The first task is to inventory who has what data of what type and quality • A standardized form of metadata was published in June 1994 by the US FGDC. An international standard (ISO 19115/19139) now exists and is being adopted by most countries Metadata

12. Services Metadata Geospatial Data • Metadata describes data and service resources for order, access, or local use • Metadata is used to describe all types of data, emphasis on ‘truth in labeling’

13. Framework GEOdata • Special-use thematic layers are built and described as available geospatial data • Common data layers are being defined in the Framework activity Metadata

14. Framework Data Standards • Eleven abstract data content standards are being promulgated through the ANSI process as American National Standards • Each theme (layer) is also described as XML/GML Application Schemas that can be served over the Web (OGC Web Feature Services) • Elevation • Orthoimagery • Hydrographic Data • Governmental Unit Boundaries • Cadastral • Geodetic Control • Transportation • Roads nAir • Rail nMarine • Transit

15. Interoperability with common Framework data encoding import export API System 1 System 2 API Core Framework Encoding export import WFS System 3

16. Framework GEOdata The SDI includes the services to help discover and interact with data Services Metadata

17. Framework GEOdata An important common service in SDI is that of discovering resources through metadata Discovery Access Processing Services Metadata This Discovery Service is provided by a national catalog of geospatial information which can be accessed by a national portal

18. Framework GEOdata A second category of services provides standardized access to geospatial information Discovery Access Processing Services Metadata This may be made via static files on ftp or via web services. These services deliver ‘raw’ geospatial data, not maps.

19. form OGC WMS Request OGC WMS Services GeoMedia MapExtreme AutoCAD Oracle Interoperable data access Web Server Native Services Sample mapserver Deegree ArcIMS Postgre SQL Access ArcSDE Distributed provider organizations

20. Framework GEOdata A third class of services provides additional processing on geospatial information Discovery Access Processing Services Metadata

21. Processing Services • These include capabilities that extend and enhance the delivery of data through processes applied to raw data: • Web Mapping Services (OGC WMS) • Symbolization (OGC SLD) • Coordinate Transformation (OGC WCTS) • Analysis or topologic overlay services • Routing services

22. Framework GEOdata • Standardization makes SDI work • Standards touch every SDI activity Discovery Access Processing Services Metadata Standards Standards include specifications, formal standards, and documented practices

23. SDI Suite 1.0 Candidate OGC Web Map Service 1.1.1 OGC Web Feature Service 1.0 OGC Filter Encoding 1.0 OGC Web Coverage Service 1.0 OGC Geography Markup Language 2.1.2 OGC Catalog Services 2.0 Z39.50 Protocol Binding FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (CSDGM, 1998) SDI Suite 1.0 Supplemental ISO Metadata Standard 19115 and ISO TS 19139 OGC Geography Markup Language 3.1.1 OGC Styled Layer Descriptor 1.0 OGC Web Map Context 1.1 OGC Catalog Services 2.0 HTTP Protocol Binding, CS-W Candidate “SDI 1.0” Standards

24. Framework GEOdata Partnerships extend our capabilities Partnerships Discovery Access Processing Services Metadata Standards

25. SDI Portal - Hybrid map control • Example operation: zoom area by rectangle • control layer communicates with map layers • layers communicate with dedicated services • the map is brought and rendered asynchronously WMS(png) GI3 WWW(SVG) WFS (via WFS2WMS)(PNG) Map Publisher GI3 WWW(SVG)

26. Geospatial SDI CS-W WCS WMS WMTS WFS Geospatial SDI (product services) Enterprise Catalogue Geoprocessing functionality Geoprocessing functionality WMPS WPS-CT WCTS WMS WMTS WFS WFS-G WMTS WCS ECWP WMS GeoMedia Web Map Professional Apollo Professional VectorSpatial Data Raster Spatial Data

27. Geospatial Portal - CONNECTORS Connector – the group of functionalities in Intergraph Geospatial Portal which allows to connect to different services in order to collect data and perform various functionalities available on given service type. The Intergraph Geospatial Portal offers connectors for the following services: • WMS (Web Map Service) – for consuming map data delivered by WMS services and presenting it in a map window. • WMTS (Web Map Tile Service) – for consuming map data delivered by WMTS services (raster tiles) and presenting it in a map window. • WFS (Web Feature Service) – for consuming vector data/queries delivered by WFS services and presenting it in a map window or data window. • WFS–G (Web Feature Service – Gazetteer) – for consuming vector data (gazetteer data) delivered by WFS-G services and presenting it in a map window (as pins) or on list of found objects. • CSW (Catalog Service) – it provides an interface to discover, browse, and query metadata about data, services, and other potential resources. • WCTS/WPS–CT (Web Coordinate Transformation System) – it performs transformation of GML data from one coordinate system to other. • Google Maps – for consuming raster map data delivered by Google Maps service. • Microsoft Bing – for consuming raster map data delivered by Microsoft Bing service. • LUWS (LocationUtility Web Service) • OpenLS – for consuming data delivered by OpenLS services and presenting it in a map window (as pins) or on list of found objects. • GeoRSS – it provides an interface for consuming GeoRSS information and presenting it on a map. • WebMap Publisher – for consuming map data and vector data, queries, analysis delivered by service using WebMap Publisher configuration. • EGIS (Enterprise GIS) – for consuming map data and vector data, queries, analysis delivered by service using EGIS configuration.

28. שאלות