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Comparison of Scale Degrees

Comparison of Scale Degrees. In Major and minor. Before Class (just for fun): Take staff paper and write key signatures for C# Major and Cb Major in both bass and treble clef until you can (almost) do it with your eyes closed. Order of # s: f # - c # -g # -d # -a # -e # -b #

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Comparison of Scale Degrees

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  1. Comparison of Scale Degrees In Major and minor

  2. Before Class (just for fun): Take staff paper and write key signatures for C# Major and Cb Major in both bass and treble clef until you can (almost) do it with your eyes closed. Order of #s: f#-c#-g# -d# -a# -e # -b# Order of bs: bb -eb-ab -db-gb-cb-fb (note placement of fb in bass clef)

  3. Comparison of Scale Degrees In Major and minor

  4. Minor Scales as Patterns C D E F G A B C D E F G A B C

  5. C Major and c minor = Relative or Parallel M/m pair? n n n Scale Degrees 1, 2, 4, AND 5 = Tonal Scale Degrees (same for major and all three forms of the minor). 2. Scale Degrees 3, 6, 7 = Modal Scale Degrees (differ M/m)

  6. Minor Scales n n n 2. Lowered (“flat”) 3 used in all 3 forms of minor scales, vs. raised (“sharp”) 3 in major

  7. Minor Scales (cont.) n n n 3. All forms of the minor scale identical at 1 2 3 4 5 (corollary: minors differ only at 6 & 7)

  8. Natural Minor n n n 4. Natural minor has lowered 6 and lowered 7 (once you memorize key signatures lowered 6, 7 are there “naturally”)

  9. Harmonic Minor n n n 5. Harmonic minor has lowered 6 but raised 7 corollary 1: creates “gappy” augmented 2nd (=3 half steps) btw. 6 - 7 corollary 2: harmonic minor is the only scale with 3 half steps

  10. Melodic Minor (Ascending) n n n 6. Melodic minor ascending has raised 6 and raised 7 (i.e., 6 and 7 are the same as in major)

  11. Shortcuts To Minor Keys/Scales • Memorize Minor Key Signatures! (gives natural minor) • To form harmonic form raise 7 (LT) • To form melodic form, raise 6 and 7

  12. M/m Key Relations in Actual Compositions 1. Key signature suggests 2 possibilities 2. Look for chromatic alterations, esp. leading tone (LT), to indicate minor. (LT always requires accidental) 3. Look for melodic emphasis on tonic triad: 1 3 5 4. Final bass tone (lowest note) in phrase, section, piece, is often the tonic 5. Bass (lowest voice) motion from 5 -1 at a cadences

  13. IV. Parallel Major and Minor Keys Have the same tonic

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