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Trends in Mortality by Income in Urban Canada from 1971 to 1996

This study analyzes trends in mortality by income in urban Canada from 1971 to 1996. It examines progress towards the goal of Health for All, lower mortality rates, inequality in mortality, and changes in specific causes of death. The findings reveal improvements in overall mortality rates but persistent income disparities in certain age groups. Eliminating these disparities would lead to significant gains in potential years of life.

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Trends in Mortality by Income in Urban Canada from 1971 to 1996

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  1. Trends in Mortality by Income in Urban Canada from 1971 to 1996.PART IIRussell Wilkins, Edward Ng and Jean-Marie BerthelotHealth Analysis and Modeling GroupStatistics Canada, Ottawa Session 65: Causes of Death Analyses, Differentials and Trends Population Association of America (PAA) 2001 Annual Meeting, Washington DC 29-31 March 2001

  2. Russell Wilkins Health Analysis and Modeling Group Statistics Canada, RHC-24A Ottawa ON K1A OT6 Tel: 1-613-951-5305 Fax: 1-613-951-3959 Email: russell.wilkins@statcan.ca

  3. Trends by Cause, ASMR-All Ages • Progress towards the goal of Health for All • Lower mortality • Less inequality • Lack of progress • Little change in mortality • Less inequality but higher mortality • Worsening • Higher mortality • Greater inequality

  4. Perinatal Conditions ASMRx 100,000

  5. Ischemic Heart Disease ASMR per 100,000

  6. Ischemic Heart Disease, Males Per 100,000

  7. Ischemic Heart Disease, Females ASMR per 100,000

  8. Uterine Cancer ASMR x 100,000

  9. Liver Cirrhosis, Females ASMRx 100,000

  10. Liver Cirrhosis, Males ASMRx 100,000

  11. Injuries except MVTA+Suicide, Both Sexes ASMRx 100,000

  12. Pedestrians Hit by Motor Vehicles, Both Sexes ASMRx 100,000

  13. Motor Vehicle Occupants, Both Sexes ASMRx 100,000

  14. Lung Cancer, Males ASMRx 100,000

  15. Breast Cancer, Females ASMRx 100,000

  16. Prostate Cancer ASMRx 100,000

  17. Suicide, Males ASMRx 100,000

  18. Suicide, Females ASMRx 100,000

  19. Lung Cancer, Females ASMRx 100,000

  20. Mental Disorders, Both Sexes ASMRx 100,000

  21. Infectious Diseases, Both Sexes ASMRx 100,000 Includes 1986 AIDS recoded to Infectious Diseases

  22. Ill-Defined Conditions, Both Sexes ASMRx 100,000

  23. Diabetes, Males ASMRx 100,000

  24. Diabetes, Females ASMRx 100,000

  25. Conclusions: Trends 1971-1996 • Lower mortality for all income quintiles, both sexes, and for most causes • Persistence of an income gradient, though less steep than formerly • affects females as well as males, though less sharply • highest relative risks in working ages (25-64) • Elimination of the remaining disparities would result in gains in potential years of life equivalent to eradicating one of the three leading causes of death

  26. Conclusions: Trends 1971-1996 (cont.) • Throughout this period, there were substantially diminished differences across the income quintiles, overall and for most causes of death • many causes showed remarkable progress: reduced mortality and diminished differences • a few causes showed higher mortality and greater inequality • timing of the changes varied by cause

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