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Psychology: Deterministic views

Psychology: Deterministic views. Mrs. Rugh 2011. Review: Behaviorism. Stresses that psychology should be concerned with the objective study of stimulus and response. Includes Pavlov, Watson, Skinner, Thorndike

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Psychology: Deterministic views

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  1. Psychology: Deterministic views Mrs. Rugh 2011

  2. Review: Behaviorism • Stresses that psychology should be concerned with the objective study of stimulus and response. • Includes Pavlov, Watson, Skinner, Thorndike • It specifically examines the role that reinforcement & punishment play in determining behavior.

  3. New:Psychoanalytic Psychology • Founded by Sigmund Freud. • Asserts that unconscious desires and motives influence human behavior.

  4. Freud’s analysis on Personality • The ID - is not restrained by reality and consists of our urges that seek our immediate gratification. • Can you think of an example?

  5. Freud’s analysis on Personality • The Ego – Is responsibly for balancing the demands of the Id and the superego in order to help us deal with reality. • Relies on defense mechanisms that help us deal with conflicting demands.

  6. Freud’s analysis on Personality • The Superego – our conscience, acting as our moral guide and balancing the demands of the Id and the Ego

  7. What are the defense mechanisms? • Denial – refusing to accept reality Can you think of an example?

  8. What are the defense mechanisms? • Projection – attributing one’s unacceptable thoughts to others. Can you think of an example?

  9. What are the defense mechanisms? • Reaction formation – acting in a manner opposite from one’s unconscious impulses • Can you think of an example?

  10. What are the defense mechanisms? • Rationalization – justifying behavior with logical arguments

  11. What are the defense mechanisms? • Repression – Placing painful thoughts into the unconscious • Can you think of an example?

  12. What are the defense mechanisms? • Regression – retreating to an earlier stage of development. • Can you think of an example?

  13. What are the defense mechanisms? • Fantasy – fulfilling desire through imagination • Can you think of an example?

  14. What are the defense mechanisms? • Compensation – emphasizing stronger traits in order to downplay weaknesses. • Can you think of an example?

  15. What are the defense mechanisms? • Suppression – consciously ignoring painful memories. • Can you think of an example?

  16. What are the defense mechanisms? • Sublimation – rechanneling impulses in a socially approved way. • Can you think of an example?

  17. What are the defense mechanisms? • Displacement – shifting impulses to a more acceptable or less threatening target. • Can you think of an example?

  18. Together:Behaviorism & Psychoanalytic Psychology • Both of these approaches to psychology are deterministic: human behavior is determined by prior occurrences and we therefore DO NOT have free will.

  19. Review: The Cognitive Approach • This focuses on the study of memory, perception, language, problem solving skills, and other mental processes essential to understanding behavior. • Jean Piaget & Noam Chomsky are most famous for this approach. • Piaget proposed a 4 stage theory of cognitive development.

  20. The Cognitive approach includes: • The way in which our brain processes and represents emotions, intelligence, motivations. • The ways in which we organize, remember and understand experiences during our lifetime.

  21. More to come: • The Humanistic Approach: Abraham Maslow & Carl Rogers • The Neurobiological approach: Roger Speery

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