Dangers of Tobacco Use - Short-Term and Long-Term Effects, Impact on Nonsmokers

1. Chapter 11 Section1 Tobacco Use Preview • Bellringer • Key Ideas • All Tobacco Products Are Dangerous • Nicotine Is Addictive

2. Section1 Tobacco Use Chapter 11 Bellringer • List the different types of tobacco products that you know about. Put a star next to the products in your list that you think are addictive.

3. Section1 Tobacco Use Chapter 11 Key Ideas • List six types of tobacco products. • Identify the drug that makes all forms of tobacco addictive. • Name six dangerous chemicals found in tobacco smoke. • Identify four carcinogens found in smokeless and other forms of tobacco. • State the reasons why herbal cigarettes are not a healthy choice for teens.

4. Section1 Tobacco Use Chapter 11 All Tobacco Products Are Dangerous • Nicotine is the addictive drug found in all tobacco products. • Cigarette smoke contains more than 4,000 chemicals. Of these, at least 40 are carcinogens. • Carcinogens are chemicals or agents that cause cancer.

5. Section1 Tobacco Use Chapter 11 All Tobacco Products Are Dangerous • Tar is a sticky, black substance in tobacco smoke. Tar contains the following carcinogens: • Cyanide • Formaldehyde • Lead • Vinyl chloride • Cigarette smoke also contains carbon monoxide, a toxic gas that keeps oxygen from getting into the bloodstream.

6. Section1 Tobacco Use Chapter 11 All Tobacco Products Are Dangerous • Smokeless tobacco products, such as chewing tobacco and snuff (dip), also contain nicotine and tar. • Smokeless tobacco products also contain other carcinogens, such as arsenic, nickel, benzopyrene, and polonium.

7. Section1 Tobacco Use Chapter 11 All Tobacco Products Are Dangerous • Snuff and chewing tobacco lead to mouth sores and oral cancer. • Pipe tobacco, cigars, and even herbal cigarettes also contain nicotine and tar, and therefore contain a large number of carcinogens.

8. Section1 Tobacco Use Chapter 11 Nicotine Is Addictive • Like all addictive drugs, nicotine affects the brain and other parts of the body and leads to physical dependence and addiction. • Quitting tobacco use is difficult and withdrawal is unpleasant, but the dangerous effects of tobacco are far worse than the trials of quitting.

9. Chapter 11 Section2 Dangers of Tobacco Use Preview • Bellringer • Key Ideas • Short-Term Effects of Tobacco Use • Long-Term Effects of Tobacco Use • Effects of Smoke on Nonsmokers

10. Section2 Dangers of Tobacco Use Chapter 11 Bellringer • Draw an outline of a person, and label all the parts of the body you think might be affected by tobacco use.

11. Section2 Dangers of Tobacco Use Chapter 11 Key Ideas • State the short-term effects of tobacco use. • Summarize the long-term health risks associated with tobacco use. • State the effects of secondhand smoke on a nonsmoker. • Describe how smoking affects unborn children whose mothers smoke during pregnancy. • List three reasons you would give a friend to encourage him or her not to smoke.

12. Section2 Dangers of Tobacco Use Chapter 11 Short-Term Effects of Tobacco Use • Nicotine has the following short-term effects: • Stimulates the brain reward system • Increases heart rate and blood pressure • Increases breathing rate • Increases blood-sugar levels • Stimulates the vomit reflex • Carbon monoxide blocks oxygen from the blood. • Tar and other chemicals damage the lungs and inside of the mouth.

13. Section2 Dangers of Tobacco Use Chapter 11 Long-Term Effects of Tobacco Use • Long-term tobacco use leads to addiction. • Long-term tobacco use has a number of minor effects, such as stained teeth and fingers and a pervasive smell of smoke.

14. Section2 Dangers of Tobacco Use Chapter 11 Long-Term Effects of Tobacco Use • Mouth Smoking changes the natural chemical balance inside the mouth, leading to increased plaque, gum disease, and tooth decay. Tar in tobacco smoke stains teeth yellow.

15. Section2 Dangers of Tobacco Use Chapter 11 Long-Term Effects of Tobacco Use • Brain Smoking reduces oxygen to the brain, narrows blood vessels, and can lead to strokes. Nicotine also changes the brain in ways that lead to addiction.

16. Section2 Dangers of Tobacco Use Chapter 11 Long-Term Effects of Tobacco Use • Heart Nicotine increases heart rate and blood pressure and narrows the blood vessels. It also increases the risk of hardened and clogged arteries, which can lead to a heart attack.

17. Section2 Dangers of Tobacco Use Chapter 11 Long-Term Effects of Tobacco Use • Lungs Cigarette smoke puts carcinogens directly into the lungs. It kills the tiny hairs that remove harmful substances from the lungs. The loss of these hairs increases the risk of bronchitis, emphysema, and lung cancer.

18. Section2 Dangers of Tobacco Use Chapter 11 Long-Term Effects of Tobacco Use • Skin Smoking breaks down the proteins that give skin elasticity. This leads to wrinkles and premature aging of the skin. Smoking also increases a person’s chances of developing skin cancer.

19. Section2 Dangers of Tobacco Use Chapter 11 Long-Term Effects of Tobacco Use • Immune System Chemicals in smoke reduce the activity of immune system cells. Damaging the immune system increases the chances of suffering from diseases such as cancer.

20. Chapter 11 Section2 Dangers of Tobacco Use

21. Section2 Dangers of Tobacco Use Chapter 11 Effects of Smoke on Nonsmokers • Sidestream smoke is the smoke that escapes from the tip of a lit cigarette, cigar, or pipe. This can be as much as half of the total smoke. • Mainstream smoke is the smoke that is inhaled through a tobacco product and exhaled by the user. • Environmental tobacco smoke (secondhand smoke) is a combination of mainstream and sidestream smoke.

22. Section2 Dangers of Tobacco Use Chapter 11 Effects of Smoke on Nonsmokers • Lung cancer caused by secondhand smoke kills 3,000 nonsmokers in the U.S. each year. • Secondhand smoke also causes other illnesses, including reduced heart function, headaches, nausea, and dizziness.

23. Section2 Dangers of Tobacco Use Chapter 11 Effects of Smoke on Nonsmokers • Children who live with smokers suffer from a higher rate of lower respiratory infections and asthma. • Smoking while pregnant can lead to miscarriage, premature birth, sudden infant death syndrome, and developmental problems.

24. Chapter 11 Section3 A Tobacco-Free Life Preview • Bellringer • Key Ideas • Why Do People Use Tobacco? • Tobacco Use Affects the Family and Society • Tips for Quitting • Skills for Refusing Tobacco • Benefits of Being Tobacco-Free

25. Section3 A Tobacco-Free Life Chapter 11 Bellringer • The American writer Mark Twain said, “Quitting smoking is easy; I’ve done it dozens of times.” What do you think he meant by this statement?

26. Section3 A Tobacco-Free Life Chapter 11 Key Ideas • Discuss the factors that contribute to tobacco use. • Summarize three ways that tobacco use affects families and society. • List four things a person can do to make quitting smoking easier. • Name five benefits of being tobacco free. • Listfive ways to refuse tobacco products if they’re offered to you.

27. Section3 A Tobacco-Free Life Chapter 11 Why Do People Use Tobacco? • Family and Friends • Misconceptions • Advertising • Curiosity • Rebellion

28. Section3 A Tobacco-Free Life Chapter 11 Tobacco Use Affects the Family and Society • Costs to families include: • Over $1,500 a year to buy tobacco • Lost wages due to illness • Medical bills • Funeral bills • Costs to society include billions of dollars for medical care that smoker’s cannot pay for themselves.

29. Section3 A Tobacco-Free Life Chapter 11 Tips for Quitting • Reasons to quit smoking include: • Smoking is unhealthy. • Smoking is expensive. • Smoking stinks. • Smoking looks unattractive. • Smoking damages your skin.

30. Section3 A Tobacco-Free Life Chapter 11 Tips for Quitting • Quitting smoking is difficult, but there are many support programs and products that can help you. • Nicotine substitutes are medicines that deliver a small amount of nicotine to help you quit smoking.

31. Section3 A Tobacco-Free Life Chapter 11 Tips for Quitting • Important steps in quitting smoking include: • Decide you can do it • Get started • Change your habits • Set goals • Get support

32. Chapter 11 Section3 A Tobacco-Free Life

33. Section3 A Tobacco-Free Life Chapter 11 Skills for Refusing Tobacco • As with alcohol and other drugs, you should practice and use refusal skills when people offer you tobacco. • When using refusal skills: • Be honest • Give a reason • Suggest an alternative

34. Chapter 11 Section3 A Tobacco-Free Life

35. Chapter 11 Section3 A Tobacco-Free Life

36. Section3 A Tobacco-Free Life Chapter 11 Benefits of Being Tobacco-Free • Here are some more reasons to quit smoking, or to avoid starting in the first place: • Fewer colds, sore throats, and asthma attacks • Not coughing when you are sick • Avoiding stained teeth and bad breath • Tasting food and smelling the flowers • Not smelling like smoke • Not exposing others to smoke

37. Section3 A Tobacco-Free Life Chapter 11 Benefits of Being Tobacco-Free • After you quit smoking: • Within a half hour, blood pressure and heart rate return to normal • Within 8 hours, carbon monoxide leaves blood • Within a few days, smell, taste, and breathing improve • Within months, lung health improves, risk of lung cancer, emphysema, and heart disease decrease

38. Brain Food Video Quiz Chapter 11 Click below to watch the Brain Food Video Quiz that accompanies this chapter. Brain Food Video Quiz