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Chemical Reactions

Understand the 5 Basic Classifications of Chemical Reactions, including Synthesis, Decomposition, Single Replacement, Double Replacement, and Combustion. Learn the general equations and examples for each type. Get ready to dive into Stoichiometry next week!

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Chemical Reactions

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  1. Chemical Reactions The 5 Basic Classifications

  2. SYNTHESIS • A reaction in which two or more reactants yield a single product. • Also called composition or combination • General Equation A + B  AB • EX: 2 Li + Se ---> Li2Se

  3. Decomposition Reaction One Reactant Breaking Down into two or more products General Equation AB ---> A + B Example: 2 HgO  2 Hg + O2

  4. Single Replacement • Sometimes called Displacement • One element replaces a similar element in a compound A + BX  AX + B 2 Na + 2 HOH ----> 2 NaOH + H2

  5. Double Replacement • Reaction that has the interchanging of two ions from two different compounds. • general form: AB + CD----> AD + CB • Example: Pb(NO3)2 + 2 KI ----> PbI2 + 2 KNO3

  6. Double Replacement • Equation consists of two reactants that have both a cation and anion. • During a reaction the cations (or anions) switch places. • The products usually consist of a precipitate.

  7. What IsCombustion? • One or more reactants combine with oxygen releasing heat or light • Any combustion reaction must include the reactant oxygen, O2 • General Equation: CmHn+ O2 CO2 + H2O Example: CH4(g) + 2O2(g) CO2(g) +2 H20

  8. Reaction Checklist • 1) Is O2 a reactant? (combustion) • 2) One product? (synthesis) • 3) One reactant? (decomposition) • 4) Is an element being replaced? (single) • 5) 2 switches? (double) NEXT WEEK: STOICHIOMETRY!!!!

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