My idea of ​​ Paradise on Earth

1. My idea of ​​Paradise on Earth 20th Congress Soroptimist International of EuropeBerlin 12-14 July 2013 RuzenaSvedeliusAgrDr rsvedelius@hotmail.com www.biotransform.eu

2. Did you know that… • We all leave behind – in our homes, at work, on travel, in leisure activities – renewable organic material (ROM) in residues and waste • ROM originates from plant and animal kingdom - can be used for production of many valuable productsby biorefinery • Biorefinery is conversion processes and equipment to produce value-added chemicals from ROM Ruzena Svedelius AgrDr rsvedelius@hotmail.com

3. ORGANIC WASTE TO BIOENERGY AND BIOFERTILIZERS • Each individual in the Western countries create at least • 2 kg Renewable Organic Material (ROM) per day • liquid astoilet waste (urine and faeces without water) and • wet or dry in household waste The mixture can be used as a feedstock for the production of biogas and biofertilizers in local biogas plants Ruzena Svedelius AgrDr rsvedelius@hotmail.com

4. How to get paradise on Earth? With help of biotechnology – by biological conversion of renewable organic material in residues and waste by microorganisms • when bioenergy is used efficiently • plant nutrients are returned to the fields That will increase soil fertility promote production of safe food while pollution and costs can be reduced Ruzena Svedelius AgrDr rsvedelius@hotmail.com

5. You and I can influence decisions that result in more sustainable management of Renewable Organic Materialto lower costs while reducing the negative impact on health and environment Ruzena Svedelius AgrDr rsvedelius@hotmail.com

6. Chemical elements that are necessary for plant growth There are 16 essential plant nutrients (according to Professor SunePetersson, 1984) Carbon (C) and oxygen (O) are absorbed from the air Other 14 elements are obtained from the soil solution They are: hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), sulphur (S), magnesium (Mg), boron (B), chlorine (Cl), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), sodium (Na), molybdenum (Mo) Each of the 14 elements should be returned to cultivated soils Ruzena Svedelius AgrDr rsvedelius@hotmail.com

7. We need Sustainable Closing Loops Local bioconversion – ecologically, economically and socially sustainable • CONSUMENTS • Animals • Industries • Households • RENEWABLE ORGANIC MATERIAL • Collection • Transport • PRODUCERS • Plants Electricity/Heat/Fuel SOILS Biogas • PRODUCKTION LINE Biologicaltreatment • Local • Efficient • Hygienic • Userfriendly Biofertilisers RuzenaSvedeliusAgrDr rsvedelius@hotmail.com

8. 16 chemical elements & bioenergy • Are found in all living things and in material derived from living • Should be used more efficiently • Technology should help create optimal conditions for microorganisms Ruzena Svedelius AgrDr rsvedelius@hotmail.com

9. Challenges for sustainable management of waste and wastewater Motivation according to Birger Sölverud, BAS Consultant Do not release into the air that you do not want to breathe Do not contaminate water with stuffs you do not want to drink Do not lay on the ground substances you do not want in your food Ruzena Svedelius AgrDr rsvedelius@hotmail.com

10. Figure from www.ramiran.net/DOC/E1.pdf Losses are expensive emissions! Losses (a) Losses (b) Losses (d) Losses (c) Losses (e) Treatment M B CH Sludge Losses (f)  R. Svedelius 2002 Present waste and wastewater by “end of pipe” management in open and centralised systems Ruzena Svedelius AgrDr rsvedelius@hotmail.com

11. Figure from www.ramiran.net/DOC/E1.pf Safefood Electricity Heat Fuel for vehicles Cultivation systems GW ROM MW Biogas Biofertiliser  R. Svedelius 2002 Future waste and wastewater “at source” management in closed local systems Ruzena Svedelius AgrDr rsvedelius@hotmail.com

12. IMSOLIRE concept (G&G-system means Gas & Gödsel=fertilizer) Renewable organic material Mixedwaste Grey water “Liquid” “Solid” “Bio H2O” “G&G-System” “Garbage House” ReuseRecovery Clean water Biofertilisers Biogas Landfills Irrigation Integrated Managementof Solid and Liquid Renewables Ruzena Svedelius AgrDr rsvedelius@hotmail.com

13. Present situation Future system – PARADISE on EARTH To compare Ruzena Svedelius AgrDr rsvedelius@hotmail.com

14. FUTURE Household waste (solid)350 kg can be treated as follows (according to report ”Reforsk, FoU 145, 1998”): 12 % recycling 6 % waste incineration 6 % land filling 76 % can be treated biologically Liquid waste 430 litre (urine and faeces) can be collected in novel equipment using modern logistics and treated biologically in local facilities together with organic solid waste Grey watercan be cleaned locally by biological processes. Results:biogas and biofertilizerstwo locally created valuable products Two systems for management of waste and wastewater per person per year in Sweden 1998 UNSUSTAINABLE SUSTAINABLE • PRESENT SITUATION • Household waste (solid) 350 kg • 12 % recycling • 50 % waste incineration • (create ca 25 % toxic ash) • 38 % land filling • Liquid waste • 430 litre (urine and faeces) ends up in about 73 000 litre wastewater • In wastewater treatment plants • nitrogen disappears out • phosphorus is binding by chemicals • sludge contain various toxic substances Results: emissions that are polluting and also losses of energy and plant nutrients Ruzena Svedelius AgrDr rsvedelius@hotmail.com

15. Some short definitions Bio – inspired by the Greek word βίος, bios, = “life” Biology is study of life Biomass – mass of living organisms Bioenergy – suns energy bound in biomass Bioconversion - processes involving living organisms Biofuel – food, feed, substrate, biogas, ethanol Biogas – methane + carbon dioxide + other gases Biofertilizers – fertilizers that contain beneficial microorganisms, plant nutrients and humic substances important for soil fertility / productivity Ruzena Svedelius AgrDr rsvedelius@hotmail.com