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Orbital Filling Diagrams and Electron Dot Diagrams

Learn how to illustrate the pairing of electrons in an atom using orbital filling diagrams, and how to represent the number of valence electrons with electron dot diagrams. Understand the rules for filling orbitals and determine the pairing of electrons. Practice drawing orbital filling and electron dot diagrams for different elements.

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Orbital Filling Diagrams and Electron Dot Diagrams

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  1. Chapter 5 Orbital Filling Diagrams and Electron Dot Diagrams

  2. Orbital Filling Diagrams • Orbital filling diagrams illustrate the pairing of the electrons in an atom.

  3. Remember how we illustrate the sublevels with boxes.

  4. An “s” sublevel has one orbital

  5. A “p” sublevel has three orbitals

  6. A “d” sublevel has five orbitals

  7. An “f” sublevel has seven orbitals

  8. Pauli Exclusion Principle • Each orbital can hold TWO electrons with opposite spins.

  9. Hund’s Rule • Within a sublevel, place one e- per orbital before pairing them. • All electrons in singly filled orbitals have the same direction of spin.

  10. A. General Rules • Which orbital filling diagram correctly follows Hund’s Rule for p4? RIGHT WRONG

  11. Orbital Filling Diagrams

  12. 2s 2p 1s B. Notation • Orbital Diagram for oxygen (1s22s22p4) O 8e- How many of oxygen’s electrons are paired?

  13. What type of sublevel is this?

  14. Make the orbital filling diagram for d8 How many of the electrons are unpaired?

  15. What type of sublevel is this?

  16. Make the orbital filling diagram for f9 How many of the electrons are paired?

  17. How many electrons in an Fe atom are paired?(Shortcut for Determining the pairing of electrons.) • What is the electron configuration of Fe? (Z = 26) • 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d6 • 4 electrons are unpaired • 22 electrons are paired

  18. Electron Dot Diagrams Step 1: Write the electron configuration

  19. Electron Dot Diagrams Step 2: Determine the number of valence electrons. The valence electrons are the electrons in the outer energy level.

  20. Electron Dot Diagrams Step 3: Write the symbol of the element surrounded by valence electrons. Place one electron on each side (top, bottom, right, left) before pairing them up.

  21. Draw the electron dot diagram for oxygen.

  22. Draw the electron dot diagram for selenium. (Z = 34)

  23. Draw the electron dot diagram for chlorine. (Z = 17)

  24. Draw the electron dot diagram for hydrogen. (Z = 1)

  25. HCl vs H2O • When hydrogen combines with chorine it does so in a 1:1 ratio. • When hydrogen combines with oxygen it does so in a 2:1 ratio. Why?

  26. Preview: Lewis Structures • Lewis structures will not be part of this chapter test but they illustrate a common use of electron dot diagrams.

  27. Homework • Worksheet: Orbital Filling Diagrams & Electron Dots.

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