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The Consequences of Nationalism. The Rise of Progressive Nativism in the Netherlands. Jan Willem Duyvendak Studium Generale Wageningen September 19th, 2018. A Multicultural, Progressive, Tolerant Country?. No multicultural policies
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The Consequences of Nationalism. The Rise of Progressive Nativism in the Netherlands Jan Willem Duyvendak Studium Generale Wageningen September 19th, 2018
A Multicultural, Progressive, Tolerant Country? • No multicultural policies • History of pillarization: the Netherlands as one of the most conservative and religous countries in Western Europe till 1960s • The enormous impact of the 1960s: liberation and secularization • After 1960s: increasing cultural consensus (a superdiverse society?) • Pivotal role for gender and sexuality • From tolerant to intolerant monoculturalism • The culturalization of citizenship
Gender and Sexuality • 94 % of the Dutch in favour of gay marriage • All political parties -including the far-right populists, the Christian-Democrats and right-wing liberals- strongly supportive for gender and sexuality equality (at least on a discursive level) • In opposition to Muslims who are supposed to be against gender and sexual equality • LGBT and women’s rights as the core of Dutch identity, of Dutch nativism • No place for Muslim LGBTs or Muslim feminists
Forms of Nativism • Religious nativism (instead of Islamophobia) • Populist nativism (instead of populism) • Racist nativism (instead of racism)
Putting the Dutch in Perspective • The Netherlands as a radical case • But same tendencies in many European countries: the return of the native • Some more in terms of gender equality, others more focused on (homo)sexuality • Part of a global polarization: North-West versus South-East • Gender and sexual equality not in terms of universal human rights but in ‘North-Western/modern’ versus ‘South-Eastern/traditional’