Exploring Time and Space in Museum Catalogues: The Sloane Virtual Exhibition Experience

1. Exploring time and space in the annotation of museum catalogues: The Sloane virtual exhibition experience Stephen Stead University of Southampton & Paveprime Ltd Jonathan Whitson-Cloud, Dominic Oldman British Museum Vienna November 2014

2. Agenda • Historical Background • The CIDOC CRM • Review of Place in Catalogue Entry • Review of Time in Catalogue Entry • Spatial Temporal Relationships between Catalogue Entries • CRMinf • CRMinf recording Sloan assertions

3. Historical Background • Sir Hans Sloane (1660-1753) • Trip to Jamaica in the 1680s • Started a collection of ‘natural and artificial rarities’ • On death left collection to the Nation • Act of Parliament created British Museum • Parts later dispersed to British Library and Natural History Museum • 79,475 catalogue entries • Reconstructing Sloane project

4. CIDOC CRM Background • Ontology: 89 classes &137 properties • Explains hundreds of data formats • International standard ISO 21127:2006 • Ongoing maintenance • ISO update and v6.0 in 2014 • Extended by FRBRoo v2.0 in 2014

5. The CRM Family CRM: Conceptual Reference Model FRBRoo: Bibliographic References PRESSoo: Periodicals CRMinf: Argumentation Model CRMsci: Scientific Observation Model CRMdig: Digital Provenance Model CRMgeo: Spatiotemporal Refinement

6. refer to / refine affect or use participate in location E52 Time-Span E53 Place The CIDOC CRMTop-level Classes E55 Type E28 Conceptual Object E41 Appellation E39 Actor refer to / identify E18 Physical Thing E2 Temporal Entity at within

7. Place in Catalogue Entry(after CAA14 paper) • Place of Manufacture • Region of Use • Place of Collection • Region of Associated Culture • Origin of Manufacturer

8. Time in Catalogue Entry (after CAA14 paper) • Date of Manufacture • Date of Culture of Manufacture • Date of Usage • Date of Collection • Date of Accession • Date of Record Compilation

9. Spatial Temporal Relationships between Catalogue Entries • Relative Record Compilation (see CAA2014 paper) • Spatial Relations Between Catalogue Entry Versions

10. E53 Place E53 Place E25 Man-Made Feature E53 Place E24 Physical Man-Made Thing E53 Place E31 Document E31 Document E25 Man-Made Feature Misc 4 X ESL127704 Place of Original Misc 4 text Place of Misc 4 25 text Place of Misc 4 L226 text Marks of Misc 4 X Original Misc 4 Place of Misc 4 X symbol Marks of Original Misc 4 Spatial Relations Between Catalogue Entry Versions (S1) P128 is carried by P128 is carried by P128 is carried by P128 is carried by P53 has former or current location P59 has section P59 has section P53 has former or current location P122 borders with P122 P122 P122

11. Evolution of Catalogue Entry • A] 4.-> X-> L226-> 25 • B] 4.-> L226->X-> 25 • C] 4.-> L226-> 25-> X • Others?

12. E31 Document E65 Creation E31 Document E65 Creation E65 Creation E65 Creation E31 Document E31 Document E31 Document E31 Document E31 Document Misc 4 L226 Version 2 Misc 4 Creation of X and Version 2 Misc 4 Creation of 25 and Version 4 Misc 4 Misc 4 25 Creation of Misc 4 Misc 4 X Original Misc 4 Creation of L226 and Version 3 Misc 4 Version 4 Misc 4 Version 3 Misc 4 Evolution of Catalogue Entries (A) P94i was created by P16 used specific object P106i forms part of & P148i is component of P94i P106i & P148i P94i was created by P16 P106i & P148i P94i P94i was created by P16 P106i & P148i P106i & P148i P94i P94i

13. CRMinfclasses: Temporal Entities E13 Attribute Assignment CRM CRMsci CRMinf S15 Observable Entity I1 Argumentation E2 Temporal Entity S5 I7 Belief Adoption I5 Inference Making S4 Observation I2 Belief

14. CRMinfclasses: Others E28 Conceptual Object CRM CRMinf E59 Primitive Value E28 Propositional Object E28 Symbolic Object I6 Belief Value E73 Information Object I3 Inference Logic I4 Proposition Set

15. CRMinf Argumentation CRM P14 carried out by (performed) I1 Argumentation E39 Actor I7 Belief Adoption CRMinf J2 concluded that (was concluded by) P116 starts J6 adopted (adopted by) P17 was motivated by I2 Belief I5 Inference Making J1 used as premise (was premise for) P17 was motivated by J3 applies (was applied by) P16 used specific object J5 holds to be (is held by) J4 that (is subject of) I4 Proposition Set I6 Belief Value I3 Inference Logic

16. I6 Belief Value I6 Belief Value I4 Proposition Set I5 Inference Making I2 Belief I3 Inference Logic E39 Actor I2 Belief I4 Proposition Set I6 Belief Value I4 Proposition Set I2 Belief I2 Belief I6 Belief Value I4 Proposition Set True Evolution Decision SdS Belief in Evolution B of Misc 4 SdS Belief in Evolution A of Misc 4 Person SdS Evolution A Catalogue Text Rules Evolution B False True False S1 SdS Belief in Evolution C of Misc 4 BM Belief in Spatial Relations of Misc 4 Evolution C Modelling my Beliefs in Evolutions A, B and C P14 carried out by J2 concluded that J1 used as premise J5 holds to be J4 that J3 applies J2 concluded that J5 holds to be J4 that J2 concluded that J5 holds to be J4 that J5 holds to be J4 that

17. I4 Proposition Set I2 Belief I7 Belief Adoption I6 Belief Value I2 Belief E39 Actor I6 Belief Value I4 Proposition Set CHNT Belief in Evolution A of Misc 4 Adopting SdS belief True Evolution A True SdS Belief in Evolution A of Misc 4 Evolution A Group CHNT19 Trusting a Belief P14 carried out by J2 concluded that J6 adopted J5 holds to be J5 holds to be J4 that J4 that

18. I6 Belief Value I4 Proposition Set I5 Inference Making I2 Belief I2 Belief E39 Actor I6 Belief Value I4 Proposition Set I3 Inference Logic Person EvD Forgery Decision EvD Belief in Forgery of Misc 4 Forgery Rules True Belief in Spatial Relations of Misc 4 S1 True Forgery Modelling Belief in a forgery P14 carried out by J2 concluded that J1 used as premise J5 holds to be J4 that J3 applies J5 holds to be J4 that

19. Conclusion • The Sloan catalogues are a fantastic resource • The parent of UK cataloguing practice • Temporal and Spatial Semantics • Rich, varied and often eccentric • CRMinf allows the modelling of inference chains • Jean-Claude Gardin would be pleased