Ethical Considerations

1. Ethical Considerations Chapter 14 Psychology 301

2. The Issues • Free will (self-determination) • Exposure to harm • Right to privacy • Right to pursue knowledge

3. Ethics in Research • Voluntary participation • Informed consent • Privacy • Debriefing • Reporting results • Plagiarism • Authorship • Institutional Review Board

4. Voluntary Participation • Nuremberg Code • Coercion • Reduced prison sentences • Extra-credit points • Penalized for nonparticipation • (OHSU and the Dallas school system) • Children • Individuals with mental impairments

5. Informed Consent To obtain informed consent, psychologists must inform participants about (1) the purpose of the research, expected duration, and procedures; (2) their right to decline to participate and to withdraw from the research once participation has begun; (3) the foreseeable consequences of declining or withdrawing; (4) reasonably foreseeable factors that may be expected to influence their willingness to participate such as potential risks, discomfort, or adverse effects; (5) any prospective research benefits; (6) limits of confidentiality; (7) incentives for participation; (8) whom to contact for questions about the research and research participants' rights. They provide opportunity for the prospective participants to ask questions and receive answers.

6. Right to Privacy • Confidentiality • Anonymity

7. Debriefing • Participants should leave study with as much self-esteem and anxiety as when they entered. • Debriefing process • Allow participants to voice their feelings regarding participation • Explain the study in greater detail to participants • Opportunity to learn (benefit of participating)

8. Websites http://www.apa.org/ethics/code2002.html http://www.wou.edu/psych/newirbform.html http://www.wou.edu/psych/winningham/sample_consent_forms.html