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Networked Audio Using V + and VComm

Networked Audio Using V + and VComm. Overview. What is VComm? Networked audio component of V+ Uses DIS, HLA, and VoIP protocols Connects simulators via network Simulate radios over network Provide Intercoms, Radio simulation, etc. Interoperate with ASTi and others. Overview.

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Networked Audio Using V + and VComm

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  1. Networked Audio Using V+ and VComm SimPhonics, Inc.

  2. Overview • What is VComm? • Networked audio component of V+ • Uses DIS, HLA, and VoIP protocols • Connects simulators via network • Simulate radios over network • Provide Intercoms, Radio simulation, etc. • Interoperate with ASTi and others SimPhonics, Inc.

  3. Overview • Can be used with any Windows XP • Need sound and network device (card) • Works on laptops, desktops, etc. • Unlimited number of radios and operation • Not credit based • Add-on to V+ • Sold separately SimPhonics, Inc.

  4. Overview • VComm is networked audio • For local audio use SMx or other means • VComm could be used for local communications • Inefficient since it uses network sockets • VComm and SMx can be used together • SMx uses virtual WI and WO, well suited for VComm SimPhonics, Inc.

  5. DIS/HLA Primer SimPhonics, Inc.

  6. DIS/HLA Primer • DIS • Distributed Interactive Simulation • HLA • High Level Architecture SimPhonics, Inc.

  7. DIS/HLA Primer • DIS in wide use • Military exercises • Virtual flag • Several hundred participants • SimPhonics systems play prominent role • Interoperable with ASTi, Plexus and emDee SimPhonics, Inc.

  8. DIS/HLA Primer • DIS • IEEE 1278.1a standard • Distributed network for simulation interoperability • DIS in wide use • HLA less prominent but newer SimPhonics, Inc.

  9. DIS/HLA Primer • DIS versions • IEEE 1278.1-1995 • First IEEE Standard • IEEE 1278.1a-1998 • Second IEEE Standard • 1278.1a-200x (Draft 13) • Under development • SimPhonics leading Radio Tiger Team Effort • SISO PDG SimPhonics, Inc.

  10. DIS/HLA Primer • DIS versions • IEEE 1278.1a-1998 • Latest IEEE Standard • Added Intercom PDUs (ICS) • ICS PDUs are not being used • 1278.1a-200x • Improving plug and play capability for radios • Encourage vendors to interoperate • Fix bad sections in standard SimPhonics, Inc.

  11. DIS/HLA Primer • DIS protocol based on UDP/IP • All Communication is via PDUs • A PDU is an Ethernet packet • PDU Families • Entity Information/Interaction • Warfare • Logistics • Simulation Management • Emission Regeneration • Radio Communications • Entity Management • Minefield • Synthetic Environment • Simulation Management with Reliability • Information Eperations • Live Entity SimPhonics, Inc.

  12. DIS/HLA Primer • Relevant PDUs to VComm • Entity State • Used only for entity attach (more later…) • This means that all entity PDUs must be inspected if entity attach is being used • Radio Communication PDUs • Transmitter • Signal • Receiver • Intercom signal (IEEE 1278.1a 1998 only) • Intercom control (IEEE 1278.1a 1998 only) SimPhonics, Inc.

  13. DIS/HLA Primer • Radio Communication PDUs • Transmitter • Convey information about a simulated transmitter, on/off, type, secure equipment, etc. • Signal • Carries actual digitized audio data (voice) • Receiver • Conveys information about simulated receivers. This is not a widely used PDU, although SimPhonics does implement this PDU (possibly the only vendor). SimPhonics, Inc.

  14. Transmitter and Signal PDUs SimPhonics, Inc.

  15. DIS/HLA Primer • HLA • Publish and subscribe mechanism • Much more efficient • Single process called RTi handles all interactions • At one time in the past, all DOD sites were mandated to be HLA compatible…(did not happen) • Difficult to setup and use • Low interoperability in industry • FOM • Federate Object Model • All applications must use same FOM • Most popular is RPR FOM 1.0 SimPhonics, Inc.

  16. DIS/HLA Primer • HLA Versions • Original version known as HLA 1.3 • Developed by DMSO – public distribution • Has since been handed to industry and is no longer avail. • Current IEEE 1516 standard • HLA 1.3 still Prominent SimPhonics, Inc.

  17. How to use VComm with V+ SimPhonics, Inc.

  18. VComm DIS Radios • Define Requirements • Interoperability requirements • Voice Quality • Networking Issues • Configure VComm • Create .VNE file • Build V+ Application • Reuse existing, or create new model • Monitor System • Debug, resolution of problems SimPhonics, Inc.

  19. Interoperability Issues • Interoperability requirements • If interaction with other vendor radios, • Determine their needs • Sample Rate • Compression scheme • Signal PDU length • Model Fidelity – frequency match • Otherwise, no worries SimPhonics, Inc.

  20. Voice Quality • Sample Rate • Best voice quality when: • 16,000Hz sample rate • No compression scheme, (PCM) • Longer signal PDU lengths (1048) • Only works when you have this freedom • Not interoperating • Network Bandwidth is available • 8000Hz most common • Meets basic DIS requirement • Default VComm setting SimPhonics, Inc.

  21. Voice Quality • Compression Schemes • 1 = mu-law, 2:1 • 2 = CVSD, 16:1 (MIL STD 188) • 3 = ADPCM, 4:1 • 4 = 16-bit PCM (Big Endian), 1:1 • 5 = 8-bit Linear PCM, 1:1 • 6 = VQ, variable comp., (not supported in VComm) • 7 = CVSD CCTT, 16:1 • 8 = 1.625-bit GSM0, variable comp., (currently in devel.) • 9 = 0.7-bit GSM0, variable comp., (currently in devel.) • 100 = 16-bit PCM (Little Endian), 1:1 • Only mu-law required to be compliant with (current) DIS standard SimPhonics, Inc.

  22. Voice Quality • Signal PDU length • Any length will work with VComm, but • No Specification Requirement • VComm and ASTi use 480 • Best to use other vendor’s settings SimPhonics, Inc.

  23. Network Issues • VComm Network Topology • Broadcast • Simple to configure, inefficient • Unicast • Point to Point • Multicast • Difficult to Configure, efficient, becoming standard method of DIS networking SimPhonics, Inc.

  24. Configuration Network Topology SimPhonics, Inc.

  25. Configuration Default port is 3000 SimPhonics, Inc.

  26. Configuration Specification version should not matter, but, some exercise filters require certain versions… SimPhonics, Inc.

  27. Configuration HLA Setup SimPhonics, Inc.

  28. Configuration Terrain Server Setup SimPhonics, Inc.

  29. Build V+ App • Select existing design • ExploreC:\Program Files\VPLus\VPLus Samples\VComm • “VComm Radio.des” • Should not have to change anything SimPhonics, Inc.

  30. Build V+ App Frequency Push-To-Talk SimPhonics, Inc.

  31. Build V+ App Antenna Location Exercise ID SimPhonics, Inc.

  32. DIS IDs • If IDs are left at zero • VComm generates an ID based on IP address(e.g., 192.168.100.33 generates an ID of 100/33/1/x • Otherwise, you must specify ID’s • Difficult configuration management SimPhonics, Inc.

  33. Setting Compression Scheme Compression Scheme SimPhonics, Inc.

  34. Antenna Location • Three ways to set Antenna location • Hard code the X,Y,Z inputs with constants • Connect inputs to another computer (Host) • Attach the radio to an existing network entity SimPhonics, Inc.

  35. Antenna Location • Entity Attach • Allows VComm to attach to an existing entity on network • Must know the entity ID • Use Object 2017 SimPhonics, Inc.

  36. DIS/HLA Setup SimPhonics, Inc.

  37. DIS/HLA Setup • Each VComm radio is independent • Simultaneous use of DIS/HLA • “Send To Network” static data determines DIS/HLA network selection • Can use both! • “Send To Network” Settings: • 0 - off (no packets will be sent) • 1 - DIS • 8 - HLA • 9 - Both DIS and HLA SimPhonics, Inc.

  38. Network Monitoring –VComm Monitor SimPhonics, Inc.

  39. Instrumentation –Perfmon.exe SimPhonics, Inc.

  40. Instrumentation (Perfmon.exe) • Performance monitors • Incoming PDUs • Outgoing PDUs • Dropped TX packets • Incoming Transmitter PDUs • Incoming Signal PDUs • Incoming Entity State PDUs • Incoming ICS Control PDUs • Incoming ICS Signal PDUs • Number of Radios in Exercise SimPhonics, Inc.

  41. Inside VComm SimPhonics, Inc.

  42. Signal Processing Models SimPhonics, Inc.

  43. Path Loss Model • Path loss is several models • Free space propagation Loss • WGS84 earth model LOS • Refraction • Terrain surface type • Fresnel effects • Multi-path signal fading • Terrain database SimPhonics, Inc.

  44. Propagation Loss Model SimPhonics, Inc.

  45. Smooth Earth Model • Line-Of-Sight • WGS84 Earth Model LOS • Diffraction Effects • Terrain SimPhonics, Inc.

  46. Fresnel Effects Model • Fresnel zone 1 • Up to 60 dBm before LOS interference SimPhonics, Inc.

  47. Tuner Model • Definition (Bandwidth) SimPhonics, Inc.

  48. Tuner Model • VComm Tuner Model • Uses Gaussian functions • Band pass response if Specific to radio SimPhonics, Inc.

  49. Noise Model • Radio noise • Thermal noise (KTB Noise) • Function of Bandwidth • -131 dBm at 25,000 Hz • Atmospheric noise • Based on several types of noise • Includes Galactic and Man-made • Zero below 100,000 Hz (ICS frequencies) SimPhonics, Inc.

  50. Noise Model SimPhonics, Inc.

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