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Cancer PREVENTION

Cancer PREVENTION. “Take charge of your life and learn as much as you can about illness. Knowledge generates hope .” Lance Armstrong Winner of 6 Tour de France Titles and Cancer Survivor Thurs, Nov. 16- Online reading Quiz due. 4 Leading Risk Factors of Cancer. Tobacco Use

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Cancer PREVENTION

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  1. Cancer PREVENTION • “Take charge of your life and learn as much as you can about illness. Knowledge generates hope.” Lance Armstrong Winner of 6 Tour de France Titles and Cancer Survivor Thurs, Nov. 16- Online reading Quiz due

  2. 4 Leading Risk Factors of Cancer • Tobacco Use • Diet and obesity • Sedentary lifestyle • Overexposure to the sun

  3. What is Cancer? • Definition: Diseases of malignant Cells • Tumor: a mass of tissue that serves no purpose. • Malignant tumor: cancerous • Benign tumor:noncancerous

  4. How Cancer Spreads • Metastasis:the spreading of cancer cells • Cells break away from primary tumor and invade surrounding tissues or travel through the blood and lymphatic system. • Secondary tumor or metastases

  5. Malignant Tumors • Carcinomas - most common - Linings, tubes, cavities and secretion glands. • Sarcomas:arise in connective and fibrous tissues. Bone, muscle, cartilage and membranes covering muscle or fat. • Lymphomas:Cancers of the lymph nodes. • Leukemia: Cancer of the blood-forming cells in bone marrow.

  6. The Incidence of Cancer • 1.3 million Americans are diagnosed yearly • More than half will be cured. • About 40% will die as a result of cancer. • 1 in 2 men and 1 in 3 women will be develop cancer during their lifetime.

  7. What type of cancer has the highest mortality rate (for men and women)?

  8. The Big Four of CancerHighest Mortality Rate • Lung: #1 for men and women • Colon: #2 for men and women • Breast: #1 for women • Prostate: #1 for men

  9. Cancer Death Rates*, All Sites Combined, All Races, US, 1975-2001 Rate Per 100,000 Men Both Sexes Women *Age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population. Source: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, 1975-2001, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, 2004.

  10. Cancer Death Rates*, for Men, US,1930-2001 Rate Per 100,000 Lung & bronchus Stomach Prostate Colon & rectum Pancreas Leukemia Liver *Age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population. Source: US Mortality Public Use Data Tapes 1960-2001, US Mortality Volumes 1930-1959, National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2004.

  11. Lifetime Probability of Developing Cancer, By Site, Men, US, 1999-2001 Site Risk All sites 1 in 2 Prostate 1 in 6 Lung and bronchus 1 in 13 Colon and rectum 1 in 17 Urinary bladder 1 in 28 Non-Hodgkin lymphoma 1 in 46 Melanoma 1 in 53 Kidney 1 in 67 Leukemia 1 in 68 Oral Cavity 1 in 73 Stomach 1 in 81 Source: DevCan: Probability of Developing or Dying of Cancer Software, Version 5.2 Statistical Research and Applications Branch, NCI, 2004. http://srab.cancer.gov/devcan

  12. Testicular Cancer The Cancer Society estimates that in the year 2006 about ___________new cases of testicular cancer will be diagnosed in the United States. An estimated ________ men will die of testicular cancer in the year 2005.

  13. Testicular Cancer The Cancer Society estimates that in the year 2006 about 8,010 new cases of testicular cancer will be diagnosed in the United States. An estimated 390 American men will die of testicular cancer in the year 2005. • Testicular cancer is one of the most curable forms of cancer. Prevention- Testicular self-exams • Studies show that the cure rate exceeds 90% in all stages combined. • The 5-year survival rate for stage I testicular cancer is 99%. Lance on-Line! http://www.laf.org

  14. Cancer Death Rates*, for Women, US,1930-2001 Rate Per 100,000 Lung & bronchus Uterus Breast Colon & rectum Stomach Ovary Pancreas *Age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population. Source: US Mortality Public Use Data Tapes 1960-2001, US Mortality Volumes 1930-1959, National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2004.

  15. Lifetime Probability of Developing Cancer, By Site, Women, US, 1999-2001 Site Risk All sites 1 in 3 Breast 1 in 7 Lung & bronchus 1 in 18 Colon & rectum 1 in 18 Uterine corpus 1 in 38 Non-Hodgkin lymphoma 1 in 56 Ovary 1 in 68 Melanoma 1 in 78 Pancreas 1 in 81 Urinary bladder 1 in 88 Uterine cervix 1 in 130 Source:DevCan: Probability of Developing or Dying of Cancer Software, Version 5.2 Statistical Research and Applications Branch, NCI, 2004. http://srab.cancer.gov/devcan

  16. Cancer Death Rates*, by Race and Ethnicity, 1997-2001 *Per 100,000, age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population. † Hispanic is not mutually exclusive from whites, African Americans, Asian/Pacific Islanders, and American Indians. Source: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, 1975-2001, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, 2004.

  17. Cancer Incidence Rates* by Sex and Race,All Sites, 1975-2001 Rate Per 100,000 African American men White men White women African American women *Age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population. Source: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, 1975-2001, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, 2004.

  18. Common Cancers • Skin Cancer: Most common form of cancer • Easily detected and highly curable • Exposure to ultraviolet rays during childhood • Common cause - sunburns and suntans • Types: • Basal and Squamous • Melanoma - more dangerous form • Prevention • Detection and Treatment

  19. Sunburn* Prevalence (%) in the Past Year, Adults 18 and Older, US, 1999 *Reddening of any part of the skin (regardless of size) for more than 12 hours. Source: Saraiya et al. Am J Prev Med 2002;23(2). Note: The overall prevalence of sunburn among adult males is 39.7% and among females is 28.8%. Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System CD-ROM, 1999. National Center for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2000.

  20. Screening Guidelines for the Early Detection of Breast Cancer, American Cancer Society • Yearly mammograms are recommended starting at age 40 and continuing for as long as a woman is in good health. • A clinical breast exam should be part of a periodic health exam -about every three years for women in their 20s and 30s -every year for women 40 and older. • Monthly Breast self-exams for women starting in their 20s. • Women at increased risk (e.g., family history, genetic tendency, past breast cancer) should talk with their doctors about the benefits and limitations of starting mammography screening earlier, having additional tests (i.e., breast ultrasound and MRI), or having more frequent exams.

  21. Broccoli Brussels sprouts Cabbage Cauliflower Carrots Red peppers Tomato Sweet potato Collard greens Green Tea Kale Spinach Apricot Cantaloupe Grapefruit Orange Papaya Peach Plum Watermelon Foods That Contain Cancer-PreventingSubstances

  22. Links to Cancer • Inactivity and Obesity • Linked to colon cancer • Benefits of Physical Activity

  23. Carcinogens in the Environment • Ingested Chemicals • Environmental and Industrial pollution • Radiation

  24. Detecting Cancer Self Monitoring is Essential

  25. www.cancer.org • Cancer is the 2nd leading cause of death in the U.S. (after heart disease)

  26. Your Immune system Think of: ► Your body as a country ►The immune system as that country's defense forces ►Viruses, bacteria, andparasites as a hostile, foreign army

  27. Prevention • Lifestyle Choices • Stress Management and your Immune System • Early Detection 7 Cancer Warning Signs Self Exams Screenings

  28. Cancer Treatment • Get a 2nd Opinion • Do your homework! (Research viable treatments, side effects, benefits and risks) • # cases treated for specific cancer • Clinical Trials • www.cancer.org

  29. Detecting, Diagnosing and Treating Cancer • Proven Treatments: • Surgery • Chemotherapy • Radiation Therapy • Bone Marrow/Stem Cell Transplants

  30. Laughter Therapy??! • Laughter is a form of internal jogging. It moves your internal organs around. It enhances respiration. It is an igniter of great expectations. Norman Cousins • Who is Norman Cousins?

  31. Life is what happens when you’re making other plans. John Lennon Laugh loud and often Devour your weekend.

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