Aztecs, Incas Myans #1

2. Aztecs, Incas Myans #1

3. South America

4. Vocabulary

5. Latin/America

6. Mexico

7. Misc.

8. Aztec, Inca, Myan South America Vocabulary Latin America Mexico Misc. $100 $100 $100 $100 $100 $100 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $300 $300 $300 $300 $300 $300 $400 $400 $400 $400 $400 $400 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500

9. The Aztec use of the calendar and the Maya writing system both illustrate that pre-Columbian cultures in the Americas 1. traded extensively with Africa 2. flourished prior to European contact 3. declined because of invasion and disease 4. converted others to Islam

10. 2. Flourished prior to European contact own country

11. Base your answer to the question on the passage below and on your knowledge of social studies. … At Tenochtitln, the Aztecs perfected an unusual method of farming. They built huge rafts, covered them with earth, and floated them on the lake. On these chinampas, or “floating islands,” they grew enough maize and vegetables to feed their expanding population comfortably. Eventually, roots from the tree rafts attached themselves to the bottom of the shallow lake to become permanent foundations for buildings.… — Lois Athey Which conclusion is best supported by the information in this passage? 1. The Aztecs terraced the land. 2. Large plantations provided food for the markets. 3. The Aztecs were limited to subsistence farming. 4. Environmental adaptation aided economic development.

12. 4. Environmental adaptation aided economic development.

13. What was one reason the Spanish conquistadors were able to conquer the Aztec Empire? 1. The Spanish soldiers made effective use of their military technology against the Aztecs. 2. Aztec religious beliefs promoted nonviolence. 3. Spain joined the Incas in their fight against the Aztecs. 4. The Spanish cavalry outnumbered the Aztec warriors.

14. 1. The Spanish soldiers made effective use of their military technology against the Aztecs.

15. A study of Aztec, Maya, and Inca agricultural systems would show that these civilizations 1. relied on mechanized agricultural techniques 2. carried on extensive food trade with each other 3. adapted to their environments with creative farming techniques 4. relied on a single-crop economy

16. 3. adapted to their environments with creative farming techniques

17. The location of the Inca civilization of South America demonstrates the 1. importance of trade with western Europe 2. ability of humans to adapt the environment 3. influence of cultural diversity 4. complexity of indigenous belief systems

18. 2. ability of humans to adapt the environment

19. In colonial Spanish America, which system was developed by the Spanish to support plantation agriculture? 1. barter 3. domestic 2. encomienda 4. guild

20. 2. encomienda

21. After contact with Europeans in the 1500s, millions of native peoples in the Americas died as a result of 1. new foods, which the native peoples could not digest 2. religious persecution resulting from the Spanish Inquisition 3. new diseases to which the native peoples had no natural immunity 4. slavery and the terrible conditions on their sea journey to Europe

22. 3. new diseases to which the native peoples had no natural immunity

23. A study of the achievements of pre-Columbian Mesoamerican cultures would show that they 1. sustained dense populations through intensive agriculture 2. engaged in an extensive exploration of the Pacific Ocean 3. built vehicles with wheels to transport goods 4. developed rice paper and wood-block printing

24. 1. sustained dense populations through intensive agriculture

25. The destruction of the rain forests in Latin America is primarily due to the 1. diseases carried by insects 2. wildfires occurring during dry seasons 3. devastation caused by high winds during the tropical storm season 4. demand for timber, farmland, and grazing land

26. 4. demand for timber, farmland, and grazing land

27. Which of these situations was the direct result of the other three? 1. Nations of Latin America won independence. 2. Revolutions occurred in North America and France. 3. The Napoleonic wars weakened Spain’s power. 4. Creoles and mestizos became discontented with Spanish rule.

28. 1. Nations of Latin America won independence.

29. Which was a characteristic of the policy of mercantilism followed by Spanish colonial rulers in Latin America? 1. The colonies were forced to develop local industries to support themselves. 2. Spain sought trade agreements between its colonies and the English colonies in North America. 3. The colonies were required to provide raw materials to Spain and to purchase Spanish manufactured goods. 4. Spain encouraged the colonies to develop new political systems to meet colonial needs.

30. 3. The colonies were required to provide raw materials to Spain and to purchase Spanish manufactured goods.

31. What was one effect of the Columbian exchange on European society? 1. Migration to the Americas declined. 2. Horses were acquired for the first time. 3. The population increased with the introduction of new foods. 4. The Christian Church was divided into Roman Catholic and Orthodox.

32. 3. The population increased with the introduction of new foods.

33. Which statement demonstrates a major characteristic of mercantilism in colonial Latin America? 1. Colonies developed local industries to compete with Spain. 2. Spanish colonies traded freely with English colonies. 3. Spain instituted democratic governments in its colonies. 4. Colonies were a source of raw materials for Spain.

34. 4. Colonies were a source of raw materials for Spain.

35. One way in which Toussaint L’Ouverture, Simn Bolvar, and Jos de San Martn are similar is that they all were 1. supporters of mercantile policies 2. leaders of independence movements 3. democratically elected leaders 4. industrial labor reformers

36. 2. leaders of independence movements

37. “Juarez Defeats French Troops in Mexico” “Bolvar Leads Revolutions in South America” “San Martin Liberates Argentina” These newspaper headlines refer to the emergence of 1. colonialism 3. Marxism 2. nationalism 4. mercantilism

38. 2. nationalism

39. During the colonial period in Latin America, a major reason for the importation of Africans as slaves was the 1. scarcity of native Indian labor 2. development of subsistence farming 3. need for skilled industrial workers 4. desire to promote Christianity

40. 1. scarcity of native Indian labor

41. A lasting result of colonial rule in many Latin American nations has been the 1. elimination of national debts 2. control of power by wealthy landowners 3. decrease in the power of the Catholic Church 4. creation of industrial economics

42. 2. control of power by wealthy landowners

43. In many Latin American nations, an important objective of land reform programs is to 1. transfer ownership of land to wealthy people 2. put more land under government ownership 3. turn farms toward subsistence agriculture 4. distribute the land more equitably

44. 4. distribute the land more equitably

45. The struggles for political independence in Latin America during the early 1800s were most directly influenced by the 1. Berlin Conference 2. doctrine of liberation theology 3. American and French Revolutions 4. writings of Count Camillo di Cavour

46. 3. American and French Revolutions

47. Which has been an important factor that has discouraged investment in the economic development of many Latin American nations? 1. lack of natural resources 2. history of colonial dependence 3. declining birth rate 4. political instability

48. 4. political instability

49. Which is a valid statement about land distribution in many Central American nations? 1. The Spanish distributed land equally among the people. 2. The largest amount of land is owned by the smallest number of families. 3. The largest amount of land is owned by the largest number of families. 4. The government owns most of the land in the name of the people.

50. 2. The largest amount of land is owned by the smallest number of families.