LATEST INNOVATIONS IN CONTRUCTION MATERIALS

1. LATEST INNOVATIONS IN CONTRUCTION MATERIALS ISHAN SHANKER VATS

2. Topics • Green concrete • Self healing microcapsule type protective coating on concrete. • Jute as a fibre reinforcement for concrete • Steel fibre reinforced concrete • Paper waste for manufacturing of bricks.

3. CONCRETE Nearly 7 billion cubic metres of concrete is used annually around the world. Concrete – most used industrial material after water. Components of concrete

4. GREEN CONCRETE • Necessity is the mother of invention and that is called INNOVATION. • Concrete accounts for 3 to 8 % of global carbon dioxide emission. • Manhattan – Kansas state university of civil engineers , A new concrete mix is developed to reduce concrete’s carbon footprint and make it stronger. • INNOVATIVE INGREDIENT bio fuels bi product. • Bi products of bio ethanol production are used to produce a material to be used in concrete as a partial replacement of cement, during whose manufacturing Co2 is released . • Environment friendly materials are used –replaces portland cement used in concrete. • Bio fuel used is cellulosic bioethanol

5. Traditionally bio ethanol is made from corn and grain. Bi products of traditional ethanol – Distiller’s dried grain- can be used as cattle feed. CELLULOSIC ETHANOL

6. Cellulosic Ethanol • Different from traditional ethanol • Made from wheat straw and corn straw i.e leftover of wheat and corn • Bi product is high lignin residue…..not really a feed material. • Very limited options are there to dispose of this high lignin residue. • High lignin ash bio product added to cement – makes cement stronger • 20% cement replaced with cellulosic material - increases strength by 32%

7. Why cellulosic ethanol? • This research is carried out in Manhattan- Kansas state . • It greatly affects the Kansas state where crops like wheat and corn. • So why not INDIA???

8. Self healing microcapsule type protective coating on concrete. • Cracks develop in concrete after setting. • Protecting concrete roads, bridges and other structures from developing tiny cracks has been a major technological challenge. • These cracks widens due to the thermal effects and ultimately weakens the structures. • self-healing coating is the first example of capsule-type, photo-induced ,self-healing system, and offers the advantages of catalyst-free, environment-friendly, inexpensive, practical healing," the report states.

9. The self-healing coating was evaluated as protective coating for mortar, and it was demonstrated by water permeability and chloride ion penetration tests that this system has sunlight-induced self-healing capability.

10. Jute as a sustainable fibre reinforcement • Effect of Jute as Fibre Reinforcement Controlling the Hydration Characteristics of Cement Matrix • there has been a resurgence of interest in using economical, sustainable natural fibers, rather than steel or synthetic fibers, to reinforce the cement compositions used to make concrete and mortar, the world’s most widely used building materials. • jute is emerging as an inexpensive, sustainable reinforcement for mortar and concrete. • jute fibers also delays the hardening of concrete and mortar, which must be trucked to construction sites. “The prolonged setting of these fiber-reinforced cement composites would be beneficial for applications where the pre-mixed cement aggregates are required to be transported from a distant place to construction site,”

11. Steel fibre reinforced concrete • steel fibre-reinforced concrete is used • develops a better kind of coupling beam • requires less reinforcement and is easier to construct. • coupling beams are difficult to install and require intricate reinforcing bar skeletons • a simpler version of coupling beam is created, made of a highly flowable, steel fiber-reinforced concrete.

12. Coupling beams

13. Paper waste used to make bricks • Researchers at the University of Jaen (Spain) have mixed waste from the paper industry with ceramic material used in the construction industry. • Lower thermal conductivity and acts as a good insulator. • mechanical resistance still requires improvement. • Provide energy due to their organic material content- as a result fuel consumption reduces and kiln time required for production.

15. Thank you