Elementary Science Countdown to the TAKS Earth Science Part 1 – Land

1. Elementary Science Countdown to the TAKSEarth Science Part 1 – Land By Annette Venegas Created in cooperation with Education Science Specialists, Region 20 Modified by: C. Horejsi 5th Grade Science Winston Elementary

2. Earth Science earth’s physical features, how they form, and how they change over time.

3. Highlights of Earth Science • Earth’s structures & materials • Earth processes • The past vs. the present • Systems and cycles that help shape the surface of the earth.

4. Earth’s Structure and Materials • What are the different types of soils and their properties? • Why are rocks and minerals so important to us on earth? • What is the significance of the gases found on earth? • What is the significance of water on earth and role does it play?

5. Layers of the Earth

6. Layers of the Earth Outer Core Liquid Iron Mantle Crust Inner Core Solid iron

7. Soil Types Loam is a mixture of Clay, Silt, & Sand Sedimentary Layers Clay- tiny particles, retains moisture Silt-fine, rich ingredients, moved from some other place Sand-grainy, mixture Potting Soil – Large particles

8. Soil’s place in a Food Web

9. Earth’s Resources S.H.E.L.S Fossil FuelsS.O.W. PANDA& Minerals

10. Rocks can be RECYCLEDMinerals are NONRENEWABLE

11. The Process and the Outcome (Is it constructive or Destructive) Construct…Constructive…Construction to build or build up Destruct…Destructive…Destruction to destroy or tear down

12. Destructive – wearing away Constructive – build up of sand Destructive – wearing away Destructive – wearing away

13. Physical Features - Landforms

14. Physical Features - Landforms Plateau Name them… Mountains A valley in a roof top Valley Glaciers

15. Physical Features - Landforms Beaches Islands Rivers

16. Physical Features - Landforms Deltas Sedimentary deposits creating a fan shape delta of rich soil.

17. Physical Features - Landforms The Grand Canyon Oceans Volcanoes

18. Plate Tectonics What events take place to cause: • Earthquakes • Mountains • Volcanoes • Ridges

19. Plate Tectonics The plates may separate, push against each other, or one slip under the other plate.

20. Events in the “Past” • Resources, their origins, and how we classify them. • Layers of soil, rocks, and minerals. • Types of fossils, rocks, tree rings and other ways we can investigate “what happened before”.

21. Significance of Fossils They can “talk” to us and tell us about the Earth’s history.

22. Significance of Tree Rings! Count the rings & tell the trees age…look at the damage to the rings and know the past…

23. Sedimentary Rock LayersWhich layer is the oldest?

24. Energy from the Sun • The Sun provides Earth with most of its energy that powers various activities on the planet. • Food Webs (flow of energy) • Growth of plants (photosynthesis) • The Water cycle (drives the cycle) • Creation of winds • Weather • These are all driven by energy from the Sun.

25. Patterns and Cycles of Change Water Cycle

26. Patterns and Cycles of ChangeNitrogen Cycle

27. Patterns and Cycles of Change Nitrogen Cycle

28. Patterns and Cycles of Change Carbon Cycle

29. FACTS TO KNOW 24 hours in a day – One Rotation of Earth 29.5 days in a Lunar Month (about a calendar month) – the moon’s revolution around EARTH - 28 days is often used 365 days in 1 year - Earth’s Revolution around the SUN

30. An orbit is the elliptical PATH an object or planet takes as it revolves around a celestial object

31. The seasons are cause by the TILT of the Earth on its axis; Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter

32. Review this power point often and gain a true understanding of Earth & Space Science