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Optimization of Gamma Knife Radiosurgery: Advanced Computer Modeling and Real-time Solutions

Explore the optimization of Gamma Knife radiosurgery through detailed machine specifications, dose modeling, shot/target optimization, and real patient data analysis. Learn about the benefits and challenges of using computer solutions for treatment planning.

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Optimization of Gamma Knife Radiosurgery: Advanced Computer Modeling and Real-time Solutions

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  1. Optimization of Gamma Knife Radiosurgery Michael Ferris University of Wisconsin, Computer Sciences David Shepard University of Maryland School of Medicine

  2. Overview • Details of machine and problem • Formulation • modeling dose • shot / target optimization • Results • Two-dimensional data • Real patient (three-dimensional) data

  3. The Leksell Gamma Knife

  4. Problem characteristics • Machine has 201 radiation sources focussed on one location • Very accurate dose delivery • Benefits of computer solution • uniformity of treatment plan • better treatment plan • faster determination of plan

  5. Problem outline • Target volume (from MRI or CT) • Maximum number of shots to use • Which size shots to use • Where to place shots • How long to deliver shot for • Conform to Target (50% isodose curve) • Real-time optimization

  6. Two-dimensional example

  7. Ideal Optimization

  8. Dose calculation • Measure dose at distance from shot center • Fit a nonlinear curve to these measurements • Functional form from literature, 6 parameters to fit via least-squares

  9. 8mm shot

  10. Nonlinear Approach

  11. Two-stage approach • Approximate via “arctan” • First, solve with approximation, then fix shot widths and reoptimize

  12. 3D slice image

  13. Slice + 3

  14. Axial slice Manual Computer Optimized

  15. Axial slice Manual Computer Optimized

  16. Coronal slice Manual Computer Optimized

  17. Sagittal slice Manual Computer Optimized

  18. Challenges • Integration into real system • Reduction of optimization time • What if scenarios? • Improve the objective function • Change number of shots • Global versus local solutions

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