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Introduction to Linux device driver

Introduction to Linux device driver. 潘仁義. The role of device driver. Flexible Mechanism? Policy? 只提供存取硬體的能力，而不加諸任何限制 介於 『 應用程式 』 與 『 硬體裝置 』 的軟體層 功能性 ? 簡潔性 ?. Splitting the Kernel. Classes of devices and modules. Character device Can be accessed as a stream of bytes

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Introduction to Linux device driver

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  1. Introduction to Linux device driver 潘仁義

  2. The role of device driver • Flexible • Mechanism? Policy? • 只提供存取硬體的能力，而不加諸任何限制 • 介於『應用程式』與『硬體裝置』的軟體層 • 功能性? 簡潔性?

  3. Splitting the Kernel

  4. Classes of devices and modules • Character device • Can be accessed as a stream of bytes • open, close, read, write • /dev/console • Block device • Can host a filesystem and transfer any number of bytes at a time • mount a filesystem • Network interface • Can exchange data with other hosts • packet transmission

  5. Kernel compile and installation • Version 2.4.10 above • Kernel source • http://www.kernel.org/ • Make kernel • cd /usr/src/linux • make clean • make menuconfig • make dep; make bzImage • make modules; make modules_install • cp arch/i386/boot/bzImage /boot/vmlinuz-2.4.24 • cp .config /boot/config-2.4.24 • cp System.map /boot/System.map.2.4.24 • lilo; reboot; dmesg

  6. /usr/src/linux directory • kernel/ • 除了fs, mm, networking外的核心碼 • fs/ • File system • mm/ • Memory management • net/ • Socket library, Protocol stack • ipc/ and lib/ • Include/ and arch/ • driver/ • driver/char, driver/block, driver/net

  7. Linux booting process • A Guided Tour of a Linux Boot • http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/KanjiFlash/BPTour.htm • The Linux Boot Process • http://oldfield.wattle.id.au/luv/boot.html • The Linux Kernel HOWTO • http://24.221.230.253/HOWTO/kernel-howto/linux_boot_process.html

  8. Demo example • Source • http://www.oreilly.com.tw/chinese/linux/ldd2.html • http://www.oreilly.com.tw/bookcode/ldd2-samples-1.0.2.tar.gz • Make • cd ~/ldd2/misc-modules/ • make clean; make • Oops? • cd /usr/include/ • mv linux linux.orig • ln –s /usr/src/linux/include/linux/ linux • mv asm asm.orig • ln –s /usr/src/linux/include/linux/acm/ asm • Oops? Again • make export.ver • #include<slab.h> • Run • tail –f /var/log/messages • insmod ./hello.o • MODULE_LICENSE(“GPL”)

  9. 作業 • 裝一台linux, compile kernel, boot • 裝上demo code, 執行 • eCos • eCos home • http://www.ecos.sourceware.org/ • eCosCentric • http://www.ecoscentric.com/ • WebCast: A License-Free Alternative RTOS for the G4 PowerPC • http://seminar2.techonline.com/~pentek22/sep2303/index.shtml

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