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Legacy of the Ancient Hebrews: Influence on Western Civilization

Discover the history of the early Hebrews and the Kingdom of Israel. Learn about key figures like Saul, David, and Solomon, their teachings of Judaism, and the significant events that shaped their society. Explore the impact of Hebrew religion on Western civilization.

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Legacy of the Ancient Hebrews: Influence on Western Civilization

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  1. Preview Main Idea / Reading Focus The Early Hebrews The Kingdom of Israel Map: Israel and Judah The Teachings of Judaism The Hebrews and Judaism

  2. The Hebrews and Judaism Main Idea The ancient Hebrews and their religion, Judaism, have been a major influence on Western civilization. • Reading Focus • What are the major events in the history of the early Hebrews? • How did the Kingdom of Israel develop and who were some of its key leaders? • What are the basic teachings and sacred texts of Judaism?

  3. Hebrew Fathers Moses and Exodus Promised Land • The Torah • Abraham, father of the Hebrews • God’s covenant • 12 Tribes of Israel • Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob were patriarchs • Israelites in Egypt • Slaves in Egypt • Moses • Pharaoh, plagues • Exodus • Israelites out of Egypt • Passover • The Ten Commandments • Israelites in desert • Canaan • Land of “milk and honey” • Israelites battled for land • Canaan = Israel The Early Hebrews The Hebrews were the ancestors of the Jews, and most of what we know, including the laws and requirements of their religion, Judaism, comes from their later writings.

  4. Sequencing What are some key events, in order, in early Israelite history? Answer(s): Abraham traveled to Canaan, 1800 BC; Moses appeared among Hebrews in Egypt, 1200s BC; the Exodus; delivery of Ten Commandments to Moses; Hebrews wander desert for 40 years; invasion of Philistines to Israel, mid-1000s BC; Saul named first king of Israel, mid-1000s BC; David named second king of Israel, 1000 BC; Solomon named third king of Israel, 865 BC

  5. Saul, David, Solomon Division and Conquest • Israelites united against Philistines • Saul, first Israelite king • Never won full support • David, second king • Strong king, gifted poet • Solomon, David’s son • Israel reached height of wealth • Conflict after Solomon’s death • Two kingdoms, Israel and Judah • 722 BC, Israel fell to Assyrians • 586 BC, Judah fell to Chaldeans • Chaldeans enslaved Jews • Diaspora = scattering of Jews • Persians conquered Chaldeans The Kingdom of Israel • The Period of the Judges • Scattered communities • No central government • Judges enforce laws • Prophets keep Israelites focused on faith

  6. Find the Main Idea Why are Saul, David and Solomon significant? Answer(s): They were the first kings of Israel; they unified the Israelites under the Kingdom of Israel.

  7. Religion the foundation of Hebrew and Jewish societies Belief in One God Monotheism Justice and Righteousness Kindness, fairness, code of ethics Obedience to the Law Ten Commandments, Mosaic Law Jewish Sacred Texts Torah, Talmud The Teachings of Judaism

  8. Identify Supporting Details What are the central beliefs of Judaism? Answer(s): belief in one god; obedience to the Ten Commandments; justice and righteousness

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