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On the intercontinental transport of Pollutants; Modeling Studies

On the intercontinental transport of Pollutants; Modeling Studies. Adel Hanna, Rohit Mathur, Aijun Xiu, Kiran Alapaty, Uma Shankar, and Zac Adelman MCNC-Environmental Modeling Center P.O. Box 12889 Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2889 USA. Outline. Flux of Pollutants

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On the intercontinental transport of Pollutants; Modeling Studies

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  1. On the intercontinental transport of Pollutants; Modeling Studies Adel Hanna, Rohit Mathur, Aijun Xiu, Kiran Alapaty, Uma Shankar, and Zac Adelman MCNC-Environmental Modeling Center P.O. Box 12889 Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2889 USA

  2. Outline • Flux of Pollutants • Integrated Modeling Approach • Intercontinental Transport • Model Evaluation and Remote Sensing Data

  3. 1- Flux of Pollutants Characterization of Synoptic Patterns • Southwest flow at the surface ahead of a cold front approaching the Northeastern US. (e.g., June 7-8 and 10-11, 1995) • A surface high pressure extending over the middle Atlantic and Northeastern US. An OMEGA pattern at 500 mb. Re-circulation over the Southeastern US (e.g. June 16-17-18, 1995) • A surface low pressure over central US June and OMEGA pattern at 500 mb (e.g. June 26 – 27, 1995) • Large-scale circulation with surface high pressure and 500 mb high pressure (e.g., July 14 and 15, 1995)

  4. Surface and 500 mb MeteorologyJune 7, 1995 June 8, 1995

  5. O3 Daily Average Flux (June 7 & 8) July 7, 1995 July 8, 1995

  6. Vertical Cross-Section of Zonal Flux- O3 (June 7 &8)

  7. Vertical Distribution of Daily Average Eastward O3 Flux for June-July, 1995

  8. Export of O3 Pollution from Eastern United States • Other Studies • 1.1 Gmol/day [Parrish et al., 1993] ; measurements • 1.6 Gmol/day [Jacob et al., 1993]; global model • 3.2 Gmol/day [Banic et al., 1996]; measurements

  9. 2- Online Integrated Meteorology Atmospheric Chemistry CalculationsAtmospheric Aerosol Loading: Radiative Effects

  10. 3- Intercontinental TransportMAQSIP Pacific Simulations: April 15-30, 1998 • Period characterized by two intense dust storms on April 15th and 19th • NASA TOMS Aerosol Index shows large-scale signatures of dust coverage over the Pacific on April 21, 1998 • Time period provides an opportunity to examine and study • Transport characteristics of outflow • Effects of superposition of emissions from different regions on pollutant distribution • Long range transport impacts on chemical composition over the Pacific

  11. Transport and Chemical Evolution of Sulfate at 850 mb Daily Average April 20, 1998 April 21, 1998 April 22, 1998

  12. Transport and Chemical Evolution of Ozone at 850 mb Daily Average April 21, 1998 April 22, 1998 April 23, 1998

  13. Six Day Back Trajectories

  14. 4- Model Evaluation and Remote Sensing DataObserved and Simulated CO

  15. Charge Questions • How to obtain reliable emissions which are missing from major urban areas in many countries out side North America and Europe? • How to reconcile the differences between global, regional, and field measurements estimates of pollution export ? • The indirect effects of aerosols and the microphysics of clouds are crudely parameterized in regional air quality models

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