1 / 21

Creating Compounds

Creating Compounds. What are elements, compounds & mixtures?. An element is the smallest part of a substance (matter) that still retains all the properties of that substance. Is pure

evers
Download Presentation

Creating Compounds

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Creating Compounds

  2. What are elements, compounds & mixtures? • An element is the smallest part of a substance (matter) that still retains all the properties of that substance. • Is pure • A compound is two or more substances chemically combined, very difficult to separate, has new chemical & physical properties. • Can be pure • A mixture is two or more substances physically combined, easily separated, no change in physical or chemical properties. • By defintion is not pure

  3. Don’t forget… • Atoms are the smallest part of an element. • Molecules are the smallest part of a compound. • Mixtures can be made up of elements, compounds, or both. • Symbols represent elements. • Formulas represent compounds.

  4. Atoms combine • To fill their outermost shell with 8 electrons • To become more stable • To create compounds • By sharing, gaining or losing electrons.

  5. Remember the Kinetic Theory of Matter? • All atoms are in constant, random motion all the time. • Atoms make up compounds, so compounds are also in motion all the time.

  6. In fact, • elements combine to form all known living and non-living substances.

  7. Examples you should know • table salt, vinegar, water, baking soda, lye (drano®), sugar (glucose), gasoline, carbon dioxide, bleach, oxygen and DNA(deoxyribonucleic acid) to name a few…

  8. Some Formulas you should know…

  9. DNA is a complex molecule • Made of three parts: • a phosphate group • a sugar group • one of four types of nitrogen bases • Adenine (A), thymine (T), Guanine (G) and cytosine (C). • To form a strand of DNA, nucleotides are linked into chains, with the phosphate and sugar groups alternating.

  10. Let’s draw some diagrams…

  11. Water Water molecule Lewis dot diagram of a water molecule

  12. Let’s take a closer look… Water Hydrogen Oxygen odorless, colorless liquid density: 1 g/cm3 Boiling Point: 100 °C Odorless, colorless, highly flammable gas Density : .088 g/cm3 boiling point: -252.87 ˚C Odorless, colorless, tasteless gas Density: 1.495 g/cm3 Boiling point : -189˚C

  13. Carbon dioxide

  14. Let’s take a closer look… Carbon Dioxide Carbon Oxygen Colorless gas Density: .0019 g/cm3 Boiling Point: -78 °C Black or colorless solid Density : 2.27 g/cm3 Boiling point : 4027 ˚C Odorless, colorless, tasteless gas Density: 1.495 g/cm3 Boiling point : -189˚C

  15. Table Salt

  16. Let’s take a closer look… Salt Sodium Chlorine White, crystalline solid Used as a flavoring and a preservative Density: 2.16g/cm3 Boiling Point: 1413 ˚C Soft, silvery-white metal solid Reacts violently with water Density: .968 g/cm3 Boiling Point: 883˚C Yellow-green poisonous gas Used as a disinfectant Density: 2.03 g/cm3 Boiling Point: -34 ˚C

  17. In conclusion… • Compounds have properties that are different from the elements that make them up.

  18. Vinegar

  19. Sugar

  20. Baking Soda

  21. Compounds that contain carbon are called . . . • Organic compounds • Have a special branch of chemistry to study them: Organic chemistry

More Related