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古埃及的书写资料

古埃及的书写资料. NK, tomb of Amun-hir-Khopshe. 12 Old Kingdom statue of a seated scribe. (E3023) Louvre. Statue of a scribe. Painted limestone: height 51cm, width 41cm, depth 31cm. Saqqara. Antiquities Service Excavations 1893. Early 5th Dynasty, c. 2500 BC.

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古埃及的书写资料

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  1. 古埃及的书写资料

  2. NK, tomb of Amun-hir-Khopshe

  3. 12Old Kingdom statue of a seated scribe. (E3023)Louvre

  4. Statue of a scribe.Painted limestone: height 51cm, width 41cm, depth 31cm. Saqqara. Antiquities Service Excavations 1893.Early 5th Dynasty, c. 2500 BC.

  5. 15_scribe_Seated scribe, Fourth Dynasty. Cairo Museum

  6. 30_amenhotep_Statue of Amenhtpe son of Hapu. He was a contemporary of Ramesses I.

  7. Nebmertef and Baboon, 1360 BC, Louvre

  8. Haremhab as a Scribe, ca. 1336-1323 B.C.E.; late Dynasty 18, reign of Tutankhamun or Aye; New KingdomEgyptianGranodiorite; H. 46 in. (116.8 cm)metropolitan museum

  9. Amenhotep, son of Hapu, as a scribeEighteenth Dynasty, reign of Amenhotep III, 1390-1352 BCgranodioriteThe Egyptian Museum, Cairo

  10. Nespekashuti

  11. Rhint Mathematical Papyrus, Hyksos period

  12. 学校与教育 一、受教育的群体 －古王国时期1％；新王国时期，5％ －新王国时期，外国王子，人质教育； 二、释词： sb3yt ：教；惩罚；学生；教谕； 三、方法： －从僧侣体开始而非圣书体；没有学习圣书体的证据； －学“生词”，不学单独的符号； －抄写、背诵、大声朗读（＝唱读，直到罗马时期才有默读） “Apply yourself to writing by day, while you read by night” (Papyrus Sallier 1, recto 3,6).

  13. 四、学习内容： －书信； －语法、拼写、修辞 从学生练习的错误来看，不教符号，死记单词； “hieroglyphs”(mdw-ntr) ＝god’s words; tit = sign) 有简单的语法训练例句： I being ... He being ... You (masc.) Being ... We being ... They being ... (twice) You (fem.) Being ...

  14. 修辞的重要性： “Good speech is more hidden than greenstone, yet may be found among maids at the grindstones” （《普塔荷太普教谕》） 《能言善辩的农夫》 －古埃及语的各个阶段： 古埃及语、中埃及语、新埃及语 学生的训练之一是古文与今文之间的互相转换 －外来语与外语培训：西亚、希腊地区 －名词学： 古代巴比伦的传统 分类：地理、人类、动物类、植物类等等 保存在神庙图书馆

  15. －数学： Moscow Mathematical Papyrus 你应该… 假设可能出现的问题 没有抽象的公式，但懂得运用 －道德教育：教谕，父亲对儿子的教诲 四、学校： 现已发现的最早学校是12王朝的； ·学校＝‘t-sb3y.t ，“room of instruction.”“Room of Beating”； 学制为4年，之后是职业训练： 神庙学校、私塾、私人教育； 父子传授；交换传授；书信传授等等

  16. 五、考试： 没有发现关于考试的任何信息； ·“Do it this way!” “Let me know its volume!” ·“You have found it correctly!” 遭受训斥、责骂和体罚 六、女子没有受教育的权力

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