Figurative Language

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3. Simile A comparison of twounlikethings using the wordslikeoras. Examples: • His feet were as big asboats. • She dances like a princess.

4. Metaphor Compares two unlike things describing one as if it were the other ***doesNOTuselike or as Examples: • Her hairissilk. • Sheis a graceful swan.

5. Hyperbole An exaggeration Examples: • My date last night was the most beautiful girl in the world. • My backpack weighs a ton! • I told you to clean your room a million times!

6. Alliteration Repeated consonant sounds occurring at the beginning of words Examples: • Sally Sells Seashells By The Sea Shore • Mary Made Marvelous Muffins on Monday.

7. Personification A metaphor in which human characteristics are given to nonhuman things. Examples: • The leaves danced in the wind. • The mountain held the clouds on its shoulders.

8. Idiom “An expression” that means something other than its actual words. * You don’t take the words literally. * It doesn’t quite mean what it says Examples: • It’s raining cats and dogs. = It’s raining really hard • I heard it straight from the horse’s mouth. = 3. Sally got up on the wrong side of the bed! =

9. Cliché • Definition: • An overused expression. • Examples: • “Everything happens for a reason.” • “Love conquers all.” • Purpose • Convey complex ideas in a few words • Ensure the understanding of a listener

10. Cliché-Practice • Think of one cliché involving money • Think of one cliché involving love/relationships • Think of one cliché involving looks/beauty

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12. Imagery • Definition: • Language that appeals to a reader’s sense of sight, hearing, smell, taste, or touch. • Helps a reader visualize • Examples: • “The lake was icy blue. The only sound that could be heard was the chirping of distant birds. The air was cool and crisp on my skin and I could see my breath in the morning air.” • Purpose :allows an author to express thoughts more vividly or to bring out emotions in readers

13. Imagery-Practice • Work with your group to describe the classroom using your five senses

14. Oxymoron • Definition • An expression in which two contradictory terms appear side by side • The parts are contradictory in one of several ways. • Often, at least one word’s meaning cannot be taken literally. • Examples: • Jumbo Shrimp • Working Vacation • Small Crowd • Purpose • Create an ironic sense of humor • Emphasize certain qualities or ideas • Confuse the reader

15. Oxymoron-Practice • With your group, explain how each of these are examples of oxymorons. • Then-write two of your own oxymorons

16. Paradox • Definition • A statement that seems to contradict itself, but may be true. • Examples: • “No one goes to that restaurant because it is overcrowded.” • “Don’t go near the water ‘til you have learned how to swim.” • Purpose • attracts the reader’s attention and gives emphasis • creates an unusual thought or visual image with words • conveys a tone of irony

17. Paradox-Practice Explain how each of the each of the following represents a paradox: • The man who wrote such a stupid sentence cannot write at all • “Whatever you do will be insignificant, but it is very important that you do it.” –Gandhi

18. Pun • Definition • A humorous play on wordswhich suggests multiple meanings • Examples: • “Where do pancakes live? In a flat!” • “I used to be a baker but I didn’t make enough dough.” • “Seven days without pizza makes one weak.” • Purpose • -amusement • -reinforce meaning

19. Pun-Practice • With your group, explain how the third example is a pun. • Write your own pun!

20. Assonance • Definition: • Repeated vowel sounds within words. • Examples: • Sea and heat • Some ship in distress that cannot live. • Purpose • Create more vivid descriptions • To create a more rhythmic feel

21. Assonance-Practice • Write two examples of assonance. One of the two must not rhyme!

22. Consonance • Definition: • Repetition of ________________ sounds within or at the end of words • Examples: • “But the father never answered a word. • “We passed the last tree.” • Purpose • Improves the rhythm and flow of a poem • Forces the reader to pay attention to certain words • Engages a reader’s attention

23. Consonance-Practice • Write two sentences that use consonance. One may not rhyme!