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Aim: Why was Puritan New England plagued by internal conflict?

“Without some understanding of Puritanism…there is no understanding of America.” -- Perry Miller The American Puritan. Aim: Why was Puritan New England plagued by internal conflict?. Excommunication of Ann Hibbens.

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Aim: Why was Puritan New England plagued by internal conflict?

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  1. “Without some understanding of Puritanism…there is no understanding of America.”-- Perry Miller The American Puritan Aim: Why was Puritan New England plagued by internal conflict?

  2. Excommunication of Ann Hibbens • Why is Ann Hibbens on trial? Would she be put on trial for the same offenses today? Explain. • Is Mrs. Hibbens a good wife? Is she a good Puritan? Justify your viewpoints. • Why does the Court postpone sentencing? • Does the Court want to punish her or rehabilitate her? Explain.

  3. Anne Hutchinson (1591–1643) held unorthodox views that challenged the authority of the clergy and the very integrity of the puritan experiment in the Massachusetts Bay Colony. An outcast in her day, she has been judged a heroine in the eye of history. This statue in her honor, erected in the nineteenth century, now graces the front of the Boston, Massachusetts, Statehouse. p45

  4. What were the aspirations (goals) of the 17th century Puritans?

  5. Puritan Beliefs • A. Rejection of Church hierarchy (priests, bishops) “no bishops, no kings” James I • Each Puritan church became a self-governing congregation • B. Personal interpretation of the Bible • Massachusetts Education Act (1647) • “Old Deluder Law” required each town to hire teachers of the Bible paid for by taxes on the community. • Harvard University (1636) trained ministers.

  6. Puritan Beliefs con’t • C. Predestination • Chosen by God for a special task … to create a model society. • Manifest Destiny (1840’s) • was the widely held belief that American settlers were destined to expand across the continent. This painting (circa 1872) by John Gast called American Progress.

  7. Puritan Beliefs con’t • D. Covenant • God would protect them if they did His will. • Covenant became the basis of government. • Mayflower Compact (1620) • Fundamental Orders of Connecticut (1639)

  8. Puritan Ethics • How did the Puritans know they were saved? • Emphasis on hard work, thrift, and sobriety • This ideology, developed by John Calvin in the 16th century during the Protestant Reformation, threads its way through the enlightenment and industrial revolution in Europe, and rode the boats of the Puritans to the “new world”, and continues today to be deeply woven into religious and secular thought and institutions in America. Grant Wood's iconic painting, American Gothic

  9. Calvin’s Doctrine of Grace Total Depravity – God finds nothing in any person that makes that person deserving of eternal life in heaven, since every person is totally depraved, and sins by conscious choice.Unconditional Election – Though we are hardened sinners, with a record of transgressions leaving no grounds in justice to spare our lives, God chooses some of us for salvation, taking no account of human merit, but motivated by love for those who will someday conform to the image of Christ. If God chooses not to save us, He is just. If He saves us, He is gracious and merciful.Limited Atonement – God chooses not to save everyone to show us a full picture of His holiness and power, in all the complexity of His person, so we might know Him and love Him better.Irresistible Grace – God’s grace works irresistibly upon a stubborn or even the blackest heart and transforms it so that it is willing to believe the gospel, though He never forces a person to accept Christ.Perseverance of the Saints – A man truly saved will never lose his salvation, though this should not be an excuse for carelessness in the Christian life, since the proof that a man is saved is leading a life befitting a saved man.

  10. To what extent were these aspirations fulfilled during the 17th century? • Stable society in terms of population and wealth • Half-way Covenant (1662) • Allowed the baptism of children of adults who were not full church members (“saints”) • Witchcraft Hysteria (1691 – 93) • Intolerance towards Quakers, dissenters • (Roger Williams, Anne Hutchinson) • Wealth and expansion weakened the original devotion of the Puritans.

  11. Did the Puritans achieve their goals?(Write a Thesis Statement) • In the 17th century, New England Puritans tried to create a model society. What were their aspirations, and to what extent were those aspirations fulfilled during the 17th century? • (Plan out writing a response to this essay question)

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